Exchange of Materials Between Terrestrial Ecosystems and the Atmosphere

Mooney, Harold A.; Vitousek, Peter M.; Matson, Pamela A.

doi:10.1126/science.238.4829.926

Cited by 234 publications

(107 citation statements)

References 88 publications

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“…Soil-atmosphere N gas fluxes are the most poorly characterized component of the terrestrial N cycle (Mooney et al 1987, Schlesinger 1997. There are three gases that are produced; nitric oxide (NO), nitrous oxide (N 2 O) and dinitrogen (N 2 ), as a byproduct of multiple N transformations that occur in soil (Firestone and Davidson 1989).…”

Section: N Gas Fluxes and Atmospheric Deposition -Some Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Landscape and Regional Scale Studies of Nitrogen Gas Fluxes

Groffman

Venterea

Verchot

et al. 2006

Scaling and Uncertainty Analysis in Ecology

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Section: N Gas Fluxes and Atmospheric Deposition -Some Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Landscape and Regional Scale Studies of Nitrogen Gas Fluxes

Groffman

Venterea

Verchot

et al. 2006

Scaling and Uncertainty Analysis in Ecology

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“…Nitrogen (N) is one of the most essential nutrients affecting the photosynthesis and primary production of plants in terrestrial ecosystem (Mooney et al, 1987). The N cycle in wetland ecosystem performs many important biogeochemical functions, such as N transformation and fate, N removal and storage, ammonia (NH 3 ) volatilization and nitrous oxides (N 2 O) emission.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen biological cycle characteristics of seepweed (Suaeda salsa) wetland in intertidal zone of Huanghe (Yellow) River estuary

et al. 2012

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From April 2008 to November 2009, the nitrogen (N) cycle of plant-soil system in seepweed (Suaeda salsa) wetland in the intertidal zone of the Huanghe (Yellow) River estuary was studied. Results showed that soil N had significant seasonal fluctuations and vertical distribution, and the net N mineralization rates in topsoil were significantly different in growing season (p < 0.01). The N/P ratio (9.87 ± 1.23) of S. salsa was less than 14, indicating that plant growth was limited by N. The N accumulated in S. salsa litter at all times during decomposition, which was ascribed to the N immobilization by microbes from the environment. Soil organic N was the main N stock of plant-soil system, accounting for 97.35% of the total N stock. The N absorption and utilization coefficients of S. salsa were very low (0.0145 and 0.3844, respectively), while the N cycle coefficient was high (0.7108). The results of the N turnovers among compartments of S. salsa wetland showed that the N uptake amount of aboveground part and root were 7.764 g/m 2 and 4.332 g/m 2 , respectively. The N translocation amounts from aboveground part to root and from root to soil were 3.881 g/m 2 and 0.626 g/m 2 , respectively. The N translocation amount from aboveground living body to litter was 3.883 g/m 2 , the annual N return amount from litter to soil was more than 0.125(-) g/m 2 (minus represented immobilization), and the net N mineralization amount in topsoil (0-15 cm) in growing season was 1.190 g/m 2 . The assessment of N biological cycle status of S. salsa wetland indicated that N was a very important limiting factor and the ecosystem was situated in unstable and vulnerable status. The S. salsa was seemingly well adapted to the low-nutrient status and vulnerable habitat, and the N quantitative relationships determined in the compartment model might provide scientific base for us to reveal the special adaptive strategy of S. salsa to the vulnerable habitat in the following studies.

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“…Soils are major global sources and sinks of CO 2 and CH 4 and thus play an important role in regulating atmospheric concentrations of these gases (Mooney et al, 1987;Melillo et al, 1989). Soil respiration by terrestrial ecosystems contributes 50± 75 Â 10 9 t C y À1 (Kicklighter et al, 1994) to the atmosphere, which is an order of magnitude greater than the annual increase in atmospheric carbon (Watson et al, 1990).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon dioxide and methane fluxes by a forest soil under laboratory-controlled moisture and temperature conditions

Bowden

Newkirk

Rullo

1998

Soil Biology and Biochemistry

215

117

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SummaryÐCarbon dioxide and methane are important greenhouse gases whose exchange rates between soils and the atmosphere are controlled strongly by soil temperature and moisture. We made a laboratory investigation to quantify the relative importance of soil moisture and temperature on¯uxes of CO 2 and CH 4 between forest soils and the atmosphere. Forest¯oor and mineral soil material were collected from a mixed hardwood forest at the Harvard Forest Long-Term Ecological Research Site (MA) and were incubated in the laboratory under a range of moisture (air-dry to nearly saturated) and temperature conditions (5±258C). Carbon dioxide emissions increased exponentially with increasing temperature in forest¯oor material, with emissions reduced at the lowest and highest soil moisture contents. The forest¯oor Q 10 of 2.03 (from 15±258C) suggests that CO 2 emissions were controlled primarily by soil biological activity. Forest¯oor CO 2 emissions were predicted with a multiple polynomial regression model (r 2 =0.88) of temperature and moisture, but the ®t predicting mineral soil respiration was weaker (r 2 =0.59). Methane uptake was controlled strongly by soil moisture, with reduced¯uxes under conditions of very low or very high soil moisture contents. A multiple polynomial model accurately described CH 4 uptake by mineral soil material (r 2 =0.81), but only weakly (r 2 =0.45) predicted uptake by forest¯oor material. The mineral soil Q 10 of 1.11 for CH 4 uptake indicates that methane uptake is controlled primarily by physical processes. Our work suggests that inclusion of both moisture and temperature can improve predictions of soil CO 2 and CH 4 exchanges between soils and the atmosphere. Additionally, global change models need to consider interactions of temperature and moisture in evaluating e ects of global climate change on trace gas¯uxes. #

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Exchange of Materials Between Terrestrial Ecosystems and the Atmosphere

Cited by 234 publications

References 88 publications

Landscape and Regional Scale Studies of Nitrogen Gas Fluxes

Landscape and Regional Scale Studies of Nitrogen Gas Fluxes

Nitrogen biological cycle characteristics of seepweed (Suaeda salsa) wetland in intertidal zone of Huanghe (Yellow) River estuary

Carbon dioxide and methane fluxes by a forest soil under laboratory-controlled moisture and temperature conditions

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