Excitation mechanisms and characterization of a multi-ionic xenon laser

Abstract

The emission characteristics of an ultraviolet-visible pulsed multi-ionic xenon laser were studied through time-resolved spectroscopy and the results were interpreted using a collisional radiative theoretical model. This analysis includes more than 20 laser lines belonging to several ionic species (Xe III VIII). Depending on the experimental conditions, different temporal distributions of the laser lines and their corresponding sponta neous emissions can be observed. In particular, laser emission presents temporal oscillations near threshold. Pumping processes for the laser transitions have been analyzed by using this model. Relativistic Hartree Fock calculations of laser level lifetimes and radiative transition probabilities were performed. Experimental laser gain for several transitions were obtained and compared with the theoretical values derived from the calculations.Index Terms Collisional-radiative model, gas discharge, gas lasers, xenon laser. I. In t r o d u c t i o n S IN C E TH E advent o f the laser, capillary discharges have been used to produce laser action in the ultraviolet (U V), visible, and infrared (IR) range [l]-[ 4 ]. In particular, lowpressure xenon plasm a excited by pulsed h igh-current-highvoltage electrical discharges produces high gain laser transi tions in the near U V and visible range. This laser output has been used for pum ping dye lasers [5] [7] and for studying injection locking phenom ena in CW dye lasers [8 ], [9].B oth from a basic and practical point o f view , it is im portant to know w hich are the levels and ionic species involved in laser em ission. D uchow icz et al. [10] show ed that m ost visible laser em issions belong to Xe V w hile UV em issions belong in general to X e VTI. In recent w orks, m ost o f the unresolved laser lines w ere attributed to X e V [11], X e VII [12], and X e V III [13].

Relativistic Hartree-Fock and Dirac-Fock atomic structure and radiative parameter calculations in nine-times ionized xenon (Xe X)

“…E-mail address: pascal.quinet@umons.ac.be (P. Quinet). and infrared regions [5][6][7][8][9][10][11] . In these investigations, time-resolved experiments and relativistic Hartree-Fock calculations were also performed to obtain radiative lifetimes and transition probabilities.…”

Energies and Lifetimes of Levels for Doubly Ionized Xenon and Radon

“…The lifetimes for excited levels obtained by time-resolved spectroscopy and relativistic Hartree-Fock calculations for the emission characteristics of an ultraviolet-visible pulsed multiionic xenon laser [11], photon-ion spectrometer at PE-TRA III for measuring multiple photoionization of Xe q (q = 1-5) ions, and beam-foil technique for ionized neonxenon were reported [12,13]. * corresponding author; e-mail: skabakci@sakarya.edu.tr For doubly ionized xenon, analysis of observations obtained from the atomic spectroscopy works, measurements for radiative lifetimes by the beam-foil spectrum of xenon between 105 and 500 nm, threshold photoelectronthreshold photoelectron coincidence (TPEsCO) spectroscopy and the angular dependence of the UV/VIS and VUV fluorescence on the alignment of Xe II and Xe III ionic states as experimental [14][15][16][17]; and by the fourcomponent two-particle propagator technique and an efficient method of inclusion of the core-valence correlations into configuration interaction (CI) calculations as theoretical [18][19][20] were presented.…”

Spectral Analysis of Moderately Charged Rare-Gas Atoms

“…Thus, knowledge of the spectral analysis corresponding to different involved ions, is necessary to understand the population mechanisms responsible for most of the classified laser xenon transitions. Pulsed discharges have been used in La Plata to produce laser action at UV, visible, and infrared (IR) wavelengths corresponding to Xe III, Xe V, Xe VII, Xe VIII [30][31][32][33], Xe VI, and Xe IX [16,25]. In these investigations, time-resolved experiments were also done and relativistic Hartree-Fock calculations were also performed to obtain weighted lifetimes and radiative transition rates.…”