Excitation wavelength dependence of water-window line emissions from boron-nitride laser-produced plasmas

Crank, Matthew; Harilal, S. S.; Hassan, S. M.; Hassanein, A.

doi:10.1063/1.3682087

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Some of the applications of PLA include laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS), [1][2][3] laser-ablation inductively coupledplasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) 4 elemental sensors, micromachining, 5 nanomaterial production, 6 pulsed laser deposition (PLD), 7 and light sources for lithography and microscopy. 8,9 In particular, LIBS and LA-ICP-MS have emerged as popular analytical tools in fields as diverse as geochemistry and medicine because of their powerful detection capabilities. Extensive studies have been carried out on the fundamental properties of laser ablation plumes to improve the analytical capabilities of LIBS and LA-ICP-MS; however, the underlying physics of laser ablation remains incompletely understood due to complex laser-matter as well as plasma-ambient interaction processes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of laser wavelength on plasma generation and expansion of ablation plumes in air

Hussein

Diwakar

Harilal

et al. 2013

Journal of Applied Physics

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139

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We investigated the role of excitation laser wavelength on plasma generation and the expansion and confinement of ablation plumes at early times (0-500 ns) in the presence of atmospheric pressure. Fundamental, second, and fourth harmonic radiation from Nd:YAG laser was focused on Al target to produce plasma. Shadowgraphy, fast photography, and optical emission spectroscopy were employed to analyze the plasma plumes, and white light interferometry was used to characterize the laser ablation craters. Our results indicated that excitation wavelength plays a crucial role in laser-target and laser-plasma coupling, which in turn affects plasma plume morphology and radiation emission. Fast photography and shadowgraphy images showed that plasmas generated by 1064 nm are more cylindrical compared to plasmas generated by shorter wavelengths, indicating the role of inverse bremsstrahlung absorption at longer laser wavelength excitation. Electron density estimates using Stark broadening showed higher densities for shorter wavelength laser generated plasmas, demonstrating the significance of absorption caused by photoionization. Crater depth analysis showed that ablated mass is significantly higher for UV wavelengths compared to IR laser radiation. In this experimental study, the use of multiple diagnostic tools provided a comprehensive picture of the differing roles of laser absorption mechanisms during ablation. V

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of laser wavelength on plasma generation and expansion of ablation plumes in air

Hussein

Diwakar

Harilal

et al. 2013

Journal of Applied Physics

Self Cite

139

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Laser ablation (LA) and plasma generation already have numerous applications. These include narrowband short wavelength light sources for lithography 1 and microscopy, 2 broadband sources for spectroscopy, 3 analytical applications ranging from laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS), 4 LA inductively coupled plasma mass-spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) 5 to matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI), 6 micromachining, 7 pulsed laser deposition (PLD), 8 nanoparticle production, 9 laser ion source (LIS), 10 etc. In light source applications, pulsed, high intensity lasers are used to heat and vaporize the material of interest in vacuum.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental and computational study of complex shockwave dynamics in laser ablation plumes in argon atmosphere

et al. 2012

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We investigated spatio-temporal evolution of ns laser ablation plumes at atmospheric pressure, a favored condition for laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy and laser-ablation inductively coupled plasma mass-spectrometry. The 1064 nm, 6 ns pulses from a Nd:YAG laser were focused on to an Al target and the generated plasma was allowed to expand in 1 atm Ar. The hydrodynamic expansion features were studied using focused shadowgraphy and gated 2 ns self-emission visible imaging. Shadowgram images showed material ejection and generation of shock fronts. A secondary shock is observed behind the primary shock during the time window of 100-500 ns with instabilities near the laser cone angle. By comparing the self-emission images obtained using fast photography, it is concluded that the secondary shocks observed in the shadowgraphy were generated by fast moving target material. The plume front estimates using fast photography exhibited reasonable agreement with data obtained from shadowgraphy at early times ≤400 ns. However, at later times, fast photography images showed plume confinement while the shadowgraphic images showed propagation of the plume front even at greater times. The structure and dynamics of the plume obtained from optical diagnostic tools were compared to numerical simulations. We have shown that the main features of plume expansion in ambient Ar observed in the experiments can be reproduced using a continuum hydrodynamics model which provided valuable insight into the expansion dynamics and shock structure of the plasma plume.

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“…The properties of WW emission from LPP strongly depend on various laser parameters (wavelength, temporal pulse width, spot size, laser intensity, etc. ), [21][22][23][24] and systematic experimental and modeling studies are necessary to optimize these parameters to provide the highest CE. The situation is similar to optimizing sources for extreme ultraviolet (EUV) lithography at 13.5 nm where significant efforts were made in the last decade, both experimental and modeling, to optimize the source to provide highest CE.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of excitation laser wavelength on Ly-α and He-α line emission from nitrogen plasmas

et al. 2013

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Laser-produced nitrogen plasmas emitting radiation at 2.48 nm (Ly-α) and 2.88 nm (He-α) are considered potential efficient sources for water-window (WW) microscopy. The atomic and optical properties of nitrogen plasma and influence of the laser wavelength on the line emission in the WW range are investigated. It is found that the optimal temperatures for maximum emission from Ly-α and He-α spectral lines are 40-60 eV and 80-100 eV, respectively. The WW line emission and the conversion efficiency (CE) are estimated for three distinct Nd:YAG laser wavelengths (1064 nm, 532 nm, and 266 nm). The calculated CEs are compared with experimentally observed CE values. It is found that 1064 nm wavelength provides the highest CE from laser to Ly-α and He-α radiation.

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Excitation wavelength dependence of water-window line emissions from boron-nitride laser-produced plasmas

Cited by 5 publications

References 28 publications

The role of laser wavelength on plasma generation and expansion of ablation plumes in air

The role of laser wavelength on plasma generation and expansion of ablation plumes in air

Experimental and computational study of complex shockwave dynamics in laser ablation plumes in argon atmosphere

Effects of excitation laser wavelength on Ly-α and He-α line emission from nitrogen plasmas

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