Exclusive Breastfeeding And Baby’s Growth And Development At Ages 7-12 Months

Abstract

Introduction : Pharyngitis is one of the most common infection that general practitioners handled. It is estimated in one year there are 15 million people with pharyngitis will come to the doctor. American Society of Microbiology said that 94,3 % from 402 patient who were suspected pharyngitis received antibiotic therapy even without indication of antibiotic therapy. Antibiotic resistance is becoming a great threat for the world today. World Health Organization state that one of the plan to fight antibiotic resistance is to research and develop new drugs. Curcuma domestica is a plant that is widely used in Indonesia and some research said that it has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial effect. Aim: The aim of this study is to find the antibacterial effect of Curcuma domestica ethanolic extract on Group A Streptococcus β hemolyticus and find the Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) value. Methods : This was in vitro experimental study with broth microdilution method and inoculation on agar blood media to find the MBC. Treatment group consisting of, media (Mueller Hinton Blood Broth), Group A Streptococcus β hemolyticus bacteria, and 5 concentrations (312.5 µg/ml, 625 µg/ml, 1250 µg/ml, 2500 µg/ml, 5000 µg/ml) of Curcuma domestica extract. Result : There is no bacterial growth at 5000 µg/ml concentration on solid media, but there are less bacterial growth at 2500 µg/ml than at concentration 312.5 µg/ml, 625 µg/ml, 1250 µg/ml. Conclusion: There is an antibacterial effect of Curcuma domestica ethanolic extract on Group A Streptococcus β hemolyticus with MBC value in range 2500 -5000 µg/ml.

Factors Related to Exclusive Breastfeeding: Review Article

“…Giving formula milk to babies can increase the risk of urinary tract, respiratory tract, and ear infections. Babies also experience diarrhea, colic, food allergies, asthma, diabetes, and chronic digestive tract diseases (Hapsari, 2014). Research conducted on Mandangin Island by Oktavanisya shows that exclusive breastfeeding has an effect on the incidence of stunting.…”