Excretion and persistence of bovine coronavirus in neonatal calves

Kapil, Sanjay; Trent, Ava M.; Goyal, Sagar M.

doi:10.1007/bf01310629

Cited by 41 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…BCoV is a ubiquitous infection and BCoV-specific antibodies have been detected in cattle populations in numerous countries (Hasoksuz et al, 2002;Kapil et al, 1990;Lathrop et al, 2000b;Yavru et al, 2016). BCoV shares recent common ancestry with human coronavirus OC43 (HCoV-OC43) (Vijgen et al, 2006) and the two are serologically closely related to the extent that HCoV-OC43 is often used as a proxy in serological testing as previously described where specific proteins of BCoV were not available for serological testing or when National legislation restricts the use of certain livestock pathogens (Reusken et al, 2013b;Meyer et al, 2014).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sero-prevalence, cross-species infection and serological determinants of prevalence of Bovine Coronavirus in Cattle, Sheep and Goats in Ghana

Burimuah

Sylverken

Owusu

et al. 2020

Veterinary Microbiology

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A B S T R A C TCattle, goats and sheep are dominant livestock species in sub-Saharan Africa, with sometimes limited information on the prevalence of major infectious diseases. Restrictions due to notifiable epizootics complicate the exchange of samples in surveillance studies and suggest that laboratory capacities should be established domestically. Bovine Coronavirus (BCoV) causes mainly enteric disease in cattle. Spillover to small ruminants is possible. Here we established BCoV serology based on a recombinant immunofluorescence assay for cattle, goats and sheep, and studied the seroprevalence of BCoV in these species in four different locations in the Greater Accra, Volta, Upper East, and Northern provinces of Ghana. The whole sampling and testing was organized and conducted by a veterinary school in Kumasi, Ashanti Region of Ghana. Among sampled sheep (n = 102), goats (n = 66), and cattle (n = 1495), the seroprevalence rates were 25.8 %, 43.1 % and 55.8 %. For cattle, seroprevalence was significantly higher on larger farms (82.2 % vs 17.8 %, comparing farms with > 50 or < 50 animals; p = 0.027). Highest prevalence was seen in the Northern province with dry climate, but no significant trend following the north-south gradient of sampling sites was detected. Our study identifies a considerable seroprevalence for BCoV in Ghana and provides further support for the spillover of BCoV to small ruminants in settings with mixed husbandry and limited separation between species.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sero-prevalence, cross-species infection and serological determinants of prevalence of Bovine Coronavirus in Cattle, Sheep and Goats in Ghana

Burimuah

Sylverken

Owusu

et al. 2020

Veterinary Microbiology

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“…Similar to BRV, bovine coronavirus (BCV) is an important cause of neonatal calf diarrhoea and acute diarrhoea in adult cattle, however BCV may be more severe as it multiplies in both the small and large intestines (Kapil et al, 1990). Ikemori et al (1997) examined the protective effect of anti-BCV antibodies in egg yolk and colostrum in calves challenged with BCV.…”

Section: Immunotherapeutic Applications Of Igymentioning

confidence: 99%

Avian egg antibodies: basic and potential applications

Kovacs-Nolan¹,

Mine²

2004

Avian & Poul. Biolog. Rev.

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The existence of an IgG-like molecule in avian eggs, referred to as IgY, has been well documented, and extensive research has been carried out on its characterization, production and purification. Although it is the functional equivalent of mammalian IgG, the major serum antibody found in mammals, IgY is structurally different, and has been found to exhibit several important differences when compared to mammalian antibodies, including its physico-chemical properties and immunological capabilities. Recently, considerable research has focussed on the use of IgYas an alternative to mammalian antibodies for several applications, including for immunotherapeutic applications, especially for the oral passive immunization against various bacteria and viruses. Much research has also been carried out on the use of IgYas a replacement for IgG in various immunodiagnostic and immunoaffinity purification purposes.The use of IgYoffers several advantages over polyclonal antibodies produced in mammals, including providing a much more hygienic, cost efficient, convenient, humane and plentiful source of antigen-specific antibodies.

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“…Bovine coronavirus (BCV) is an important agent of neonatal calf diarrhea and is associated with acute diarrhea of adult cattle referred to as winter dysentery. This virus is known to cause a more severe disease and higher mortalities than those caused by the bovine rotavirus because it multiplies in both the small intestine and the large intestine whereas the rotavirus infects only the small intestine (Kapil et al, 1990). To determine protective immune responses against BCV, there have been reports analyzing the titers of passive and active antibody isotypes to BCV in serum and mucosal surface (Heckert et al, 1991a,b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Passive protection of neonatal calves against bovine coronavirus-induced diarrhea by administration of egg yolk or colostrum antibody powder

Ikemori

Ohta

Umeda

et al. 1997

Veterinary Microbiology

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The protective effect of egg yolk and colostrum powders prepared from hens and cows vaccinated with inactivated bovine coronavirus (BCV) antigen was evaluated in a challenge model with a virulent BCV strain. Twenty three calves from BCV-free herds were randomly divided into control and several treatment groups. All calves were orally challenged with 1 x 10(9) TCID50 of the virulent Kakegawa strain of BCV at 24 to 36 h after birth. Calves in treatment groups received either egg yolk powder or cow colostrum containing BCV specific antibodies. Daily treatment with these antibody preparations started 6 h until 7 days post-challenge. Control calves which received no antibody had severe diarrhea and all died within 6 days after infection. In contrast, calves fed milk containing egg yolk or colostrum with neutralization titers of 1:2560 or 1:10,240 respectively all survived and had positive weight gain unlike the other treatment groups. These results indicate that the orally administered egg yolk and colostrum powders protected against BCV-induced diarrhea in neonatal calves and that the egg yolk used provided a higher degree of protection compared to colostrum powder on a titer basis. Treatment with whole egg yolk from immunized hens therefore provides a more efficacious alternative to the existing methods of specific passive protection against BCV.

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Excretion and persistence of bovine coronavirus in neonatal calves

Cited by 41 publications

References 4 publications

Sero-prevalence, cross-species infection and serological determinants of prevalence of Bovine Coronavirus in Cattle, Sheep and Goats in Ghana

Sero-prevalence, cross-species infection and serological determinants of prevalence of Bovine Coronavirus in Cattle, Sheep and Goats in Ghana

Avian egg antibodies: basic and potential applications

Passive protection of neonatal calves against bovine coronavirus-induced diarrhea by administration of egg yolk or colostrum antibody powder

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