Executive Function Mechanisms of Theory of Mind

Ahmed, Fayeza S.; Miller, L. Stephen

doi:10.1007/s10803-010-1087-7

Cited by 169 publications

(156 citation statements)

References 55 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

131

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…For example, Bosacki [41] observed that female preadolescents were better than their male counterparts on the intrapersonal task of constructing a coherent sense of self and on the interpersonal task of understanding multiple and contradictory intentions of others. More recently, other authors also verified that women performed better in the FP test than men [42]. Hence, our results seem to support the sensibility of the FP Recognition Test (namely, the FP-det) to discriminate female superiority in recognizing and inferring mental states and predicting behavior in others.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Portuguese Adaptation of a Faux Pas Test and a Theory of Mind Picture Stories Task

Faísca

Afonseca²,

Brüne³

et al. 2016

Psychopathology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Developmental concepts of ‘Theory of Mind' (ToM) suggest that this cognitive domain is an innate human capacity requiring input from the social environment to mature. Research suggests substantial individual differences in ToM, depending on childhood experiences, genetics, and the presence or absence of a neuropsychiatric disorder. None of the existing ToM tests for adult populations have been made available in Portuguese. Accordingly, the main objective of this study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Portuguese versions of the Faux Pas (FP) Recognition Test and the ToM Picture Stories Task. Sampling and Methods: Both tests were given to a sample of 200 Portuguese adults (125 women and 75 men) aged between 18 and 60 years. Results and Conclusions: The psychometric analyses of the results indicate that the Portuguese version of the FP Recognition Test is appropriate for use in research and clinical settings, providing a composite score that reliably measures the ability to infer the thoughts and feelings of others in a ‘faux pas' situation (Cronbach's α = 0.82). However, the ToM Picture Stories Task did not show acceptable psychometric qualities.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Portuguese Adaptation of a Faux Pas Test and a Theory of Mind Picture Stories Task

Faísca

Afonseca²,

Brüne³

et al. 2016

Psychopathology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Poor social cognition skills in late adolescence or early adulthood can impede educational and vocational success and friendship formation potentially leading to isolation, anxiety and depression (Ahmed & Miller, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The typical developmental trajectory of social and executive functions in late adolescence and early adulthood.

Taylor

Barker

Heavey

et al. 2013

Developmental Psychology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Executive functions and social cognition develop through childhood into adolescence and early adulthood and are important for adaptive goal-oriented behavior (Apperly, Samson, & Humphreys, 2009; Blakemore & Choudhury, 2006). These functions are attributed to frontal networks known to undergo protracted maturation into early adulthood (Barker, Andrade, Morton, Romanowski, & Bowles, 2010; Lebel, Walker, Leemans, Phillips, & Beaulieu, 2008), although social cognition functions are also associated with widely distributed networks. Previously, nonlinear development has been reported around puberty on an emotion match-to-sample task (McGivern, Andersen, Byrd, Mutter, & Reilly, 2002) and for IQ in midadolescence (Ramsden et al., 2011). However, there are currently little data on the typical development of social and executive functions in late adolescence and early adulthood. In a cross-sectional design, 98 participants completed tests of social cognition and executive function, Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence (Wechsler, 1999), Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (Watson, Clark, & Tellegen, 1988), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (Zigmond & Snaith, 1983), and measures of pubertal development and demographics at ages 17, 18, and 19. Nonlinear age differences for letter fluency and concept formation executive functions were found, with a trough in functional ability in 18-year-olds compared with other groups. There were no age group differences on social cognition measures. Gender accounted for differences on 1 scale of concept formation, 1 dynamic social interaction scale, and 2 empathy scales. The clinical, developmental, and educational implications of these findings are discussed.

show abstract

“…To the best of our knowledge, this was the first study to investigate cognitive ToM performance in a Chinese clinical high-risk population and to report FP performance in a group of individuals at CHR compared with that in HCs. Compared to other ToM tests, such as the Strange Stories Test [21] and Facial Emotion Identification Test (FEIT) [25], the FPT appeared to be more complicated for participants as they need to understand the beliefs of two characters simultaneously [2,20], which may be more susceptible to the identification of ToM deficits in individuals with prodromal psychosis. Meanwhile, some non-social cognitive functions, such as attention and working memory, were positively associated with ToM performance among participants in the prodromal stage of psychosis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Faux pas recognition performance in a help-seeking population at clinical high risk of psychosis

Zhang

et al. 2015

Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

There is a growing body of evidence suggesting that patients with psychosis show impaired theory of mind (ToM). However, much remains to be understood as to whether ToM deficits occur in the premorbid or post-onset period of psychosis. Our primary aim was to examine empirically impairment on ToM tasks in a group of individuals with clinical high risk (CHR) of psychosis. Fifty CHR participants identified through the Structured Interview for Prodromal Syndromes and 52 age-/education-matched controls were assessed with a complete standard neuropsychological battery (the MCCB, MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery) and a social cognition assessment (Faux Pas Test, FPT). We then examined the association of baseline FPT performance with conversion to psychosis at 12-month follow-up. Compared with controls, the CHR group showed significantly poorer performances on the FPT and most MCCB domains. Significant positive correlations were found between faux pas detection and the MCCB domains of Attention/Vigilance and Working Memory in CHR participants when controlling for age and years of education. Mean scores on the FPT in 14 converters who were diagnosed with full-blown psychosis within 12 months were significantly lower than they were for non-converters. Impairments in ToM ability are acquired earlier in the prodromal stage of psychosis, along with general cognition (such as memory function) deficits. Declines in ToM ability may overlap with the progress of psychosis (the gradual loss insight), sharing similar neural substrates, and reflected by impairments in basic cognitive function.

show abstract

Executive Function Mechanisms of Theory of Mind

Cited by 169 publications

References 55 publications

Portuguese Adaptation of a Faux Pas Test and a Theory of Mind Picture Stories Task

Portuguese Adaptation of a Faux Pas Test and a Theory of Mind Picture Stories Task

The typical developmental trajectory of social and executive functions in late adolescence and early adulthood.

Faux pas recognition performance in a help-seeking population at clinical high risk of psychosis

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About