Executive functions in school‐aged children: Potential efficacy of tasks in discriminating clinical groups

Weyandt, Lisa L.; Willis, W. Grant

doi:10.1080/87565649409540564

Cited by 131 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Behavioral inhibition has been operationalized using a variety of measures, including the Continuous Performance Task (CPT) (see, for reviews, Barkley et al, 1992;Corkum & Siegel, 1993;Losier et al, 1996), delay of gratification tasks (DGTs) (Campbell, Douglas, & Morgernstern, 1971;Pennington & Ozonoff, 1996;Weyandt & Grant, 1994), and the Stroop Test (see for review, Homack & Riccio, 2004). Consistent with this literature, in the current study, behavioral inhibition is measured using CPT commission errors, DGT waiting time, and Stroop interference effects.…”

Section: Studies Of Inhibition and Adhd Symptoms In Childrenmentioning

confidence: 90%

Predicting the early developmental course of symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

Stauffenberg

Campbell

2007

Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology

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Data from the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Study of Early Child Care were examined to test whether: attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms remain stable from 54 months through early elementary school; behavioral inhibition and attention deficits assessed at 54 months predict ADHD symptoms in elementary school, even after controlling for their temporal stability; and early behavioral inhibition and attention deficits moderate the longitudinal stability in ADHD symptoms. Data were examined using continuous and categorical measures of symptoms. Modest stability in ADHD symptoms from 54 months to third grade was found. Measures of inhibition and inattention predicted later teacher ratings uniquely, but no evidence was found for moderation. Measures of preschool behavioral inhibition also predicted "persistently at risk status" defined by elevated teacher ratings over time. Results are discussed in terms of executive and motivational facets of inhibition that may be related to early signs of ADHD.

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Section: Studies Of Inhibition and Adhd Symptoms In Childrenmentioning

confidence: 90%

Predicting the early developmental course of symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

Stauffenberg

Campbell

2007

Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology

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“…These measures include the Matching Familiar Figures Test (Campbell, Douglas, & Morgenstern, 1971 ;DuPaul, Anastopoulos, Shelton, Guevremont, & Metevia, 1992 ;Weyandt & Grant, 1994), the Continuous Performance Task (see for reviews, Barkley, Grodzinsky, & DuPaul, 1992 ;Corkum & Siegel, 1993 ; see also Halperin et al, 1994), the Go\No-go Task (Iaboni, Douglas, & Baker, 1995 ;Milich et al, 1994 ;Shue & Douglas, 1992), delayed response tasks (Daugherty & Quay, 1991 ;McClure & Gordon, 1984 ;Schweitzer & Sulzer-Azaroff, 1995 ;Solanto, 1990), the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (see for review, Barkley et al, 1992), and many others.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Response Inhibition in AD/HD, CD, Comorbid AD/HD+CD, Anxious, and Control Children: A Meta‐analysis of Studies with the Stop Task

Oosterlaan

Logan

Sergeant

1998

Child Psychology Psychiatry

255

326

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The aim of this study was to investigate whether impaired response inhibition is uniquely related to AD\HD or whether deficits in response inhibition are also evident in other psychopathological disorders. Furthermore, the suggestion was examined that anxiety disorders are associated with abnormally high levels of response inhibition. This paper presents the results of a meta-analysis of eight studies in which response inhibition was assessed with the so-called stop task in five groups of children : children with attention deficit\hyperactivity disorder (AD\HD), children with conduct disorder (CD), children with AD\HDjCD, children with anxiety disorders, and control children. A total of 456 children participated in the 8 studies. All children were in the age range 6-12 years. Consistent and robust evidence was found for a response inhibition deficit in AD\HD. However, response inhibition deficits did not distinguish children with AD\HD from children with CD, nor from children with comorbid AD\HDjCD. Contrary to predictions, anxious children did not demonstrate enhanced levels of response inhibition.

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“…Executive functions (EFs) are mental control processes that enable self-control necessary for the attainment of a future goal (Denckla, 1996;Lezak, 1995;Pennington & Ozonoff, 1996;Welsh & Pennington, 1988). EF refers to cognitive functions mediated by the prefrontal cortex (Becker, Isaac, & Hynd, 1987;Cabeza & Nyberg, 2000;Fuster, 1997;Reitan & Wolfson, 1994;Rezai et al, 1993;Tranel, Anderson, & Benton, 1994), such as inhibition, working memory, cognitive flexibility or set-shifting, planning, and verbal fluency (Ozonoff, 1997;Pennington & Ozonoff, 1996;Reader, Harris, Schuerholz, & Denckla, 1994;Weynandt & Willis, 1994). Multiple studies have identified EF deficits in preschoolers, children, adolescents as well as adults with autism (Geurts, Verte´, Oosterlaan, Roeyers, & Sergeant, 2004;Hill, 2004;Ozonoff, 1997;Pascualvaca, Fantie, Papageorgiou, & Mirsky, 1998;Russell, 1997;Shu, Lung, Tien, & Chen, 2001;Turner, 1999a; but see Griffith, Pennington, Wehner, & Rogers, 1999;Ozonoff & Strayer, 1997;Russell, Jarrold, & Hood, 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Executive Functioning in Children with an Autism Spectrum Disorder: Can We Differentiate Within the Spectrum?

Verté

Geurts

Roeyers

et al. 2006

J Autism Dev Disord

127

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Executive functions in school‐aged children: Potential efficacy of tasks in discriminating clinical groups

Cited by 131 publications

References 15 publications

Predicting the early developmental course of symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

Predicting the early developmental course of symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

Response Inhibition in AD/HD, CD, Comorbid AD/HD+CD, Anxious, and Control Children: A Meta‐analysis of Studies with the Stop Task

Executive Functioning in Children with an Autism Spectrum Disorder: Can We Differentiate Within the Spectrum?

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