Exercise addiction and COVID-19-associated restrictions

Lim, Michael Anthonius

doi:10.1080/09638237.2020.1803234

Cited by 36 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“… 6 Obese individuals are at a higher risk of developing dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, CVD and cerebrovascular disease, which are well-known predictor of poor prognosis in COVID-19 patients 2 , 3 , 5 , 27 . Furthermore, the lack of physical inactivity (sedentary lifestyle) in individuals with obesity and dyslipidemia during the pandemic may further undermine their immunity and put them at higher risk of contracting COVID-19 28 , 29 . The presence of coexisting diseases, including cardiac disease, pulmonary disease, chronic kidney disease, liver injury, and orthopedic injuries, are also associated with worse outcomes in patients with COVID-19 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

WITHDRAWN: Dyslipidemia Increases the Risk of Severe COVID-19: A Systematic Review, Meta-analysis, and Meta-regression

Atmosudigdo¹,

Pranata²,

Lim³

et al. 2021

Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hepatology

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Objective This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate whether dyslipidemia affects the mortality and severity of COVID-19, we also aimed to evaluate whether other comorbidities influence the association. Methods A systematic literature search using PubMed, Embase, and EuropePMC was performed on 8 October 2020. This study's main outcome is a poor composite outcome, comprising of mortality and severe COVID-19. Results There were 9 studies with 3,663 patients. The prevalence of dyslipidemia in this pooled analysis was 18% (4%-32%). Dyslipidemia was associated with increased composite poor outcome (RR 1.39 [1.02, 1.88], p=0.010; I 2 : 56.7%, p=0.018). Subgroup analysis showed that dyslipidemia was associated with severe COVID-19 (RR 1.39 [1.03, 1.87], p=0.008; I 2 : 57.4%, p=0.029). Meta-regression showed that the association between dyslipidemia and poor outcome varies by age (coefficient: -0.04, p=0.033), male gender (coefficient: -0.03, p=0.042), and hypertension (coefficient: -0.02, p=0.033), but not diabetes (coefficient: -0.24, p=0.135) and cardiovascular diseases (coefficient: -0.01, p=0.506). Inverted funnel-plot was relatively symmetrical. Egger’s test indicates that the pooled analysis was not statistically significant for small-study effects (p=0.206). Conclusion Dyslipidemia potentially increases mortality and severity of COVID-19. The association was stronger in patients with older age, male, and hypertension. PROSPERO Registration Number CRD42020213491

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

WITHDRAWN: Dyslipidemia Increases the Risk of Severe COVID-19: A Systematic Review, Meta-analysis, and Meta-regression

Atmosudigdo¹,

Pranata²,

Lim³

et al. 2021

Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hepatology

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…2,3,5,26 Furthermore, the lack of physical inactivity (sedentary lifestyle) in individuals with obesity and dyslipidemia during the pandemic may further undermine their immunity and put them at higher risk of contracting COVID-19. 27,28 The presence of coexisting diseases, including cardiac disease, pulmonary disease, chronic kidney disease, liver injury, and orthopedic injuries, are also associated with worse outcomes in patients with COVID-19. [29][30][31][32][33] Excessive immune system activation is often found in severe COVID-19 leading to various complications, such as respiratory failure, multi-organ dysfunction, coagulopathy, and ultimately death.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dyslipidemia Increases the Risk of Severe COVID-19: A Systematic Review, Meta-analysis, and Meta-regression

Atmosudigdo

Lim

Radi

et al. 2021

Clin Med Insights Endocrinol Diabetes

Self Cite

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Objective: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate whether dyslipidemia affects the mortality and severity of COVID-19, we also aimed to evaluate whether other comorbidities influence the association. Methods: A systematic literature search using PubMed, Embase, and EuropePMC was performed on 8 October 2020. This study’s main outcome is a poor composite outcome, comprising of mortality and severe COVID-19. Results: There were 9 studies with 3663 patients. The prevalence of dyslipidemia in this pooled analysis was 18% (4%-32%). Dyslipidemia was associated with increased composite poor outcome (RR 1.39 [1.02, 1.88], P = .010; I2: 56.7%, P = .018). Subgroup analysis showed that dyslipidemia was associated with severe COVID-19 (RR 1.39 [1.03, 1.87], P = .008; I2: 57.4%, P = .029). Meta-regression showed that the association between dyslipidemia and poor outcome varies by age (coefficient: −0.04, P = .033), male gender (coefficient: −0.03, P = .042), and hypertension (coefficient: −0.02, P = .033), but not diabetes (coefficient: −0.24, P = .135) and cardiovascular diseases (coefficient: −0.01, P = .506). Inverted funnel-plot was relatively symmetrical. Egger’s test indicates that the pooled analysis was not statistically significant for small-study effects ( P = .206). Conclusion: Dyslipidemia potentially increases mortality and severity of COVID-19. The association was stronger in patients with older age, male, and hypertension. PROSPERO Registration Number: CRD42020213491

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“…These measures have negatively impacted many aspects of life through termination of jobs, restrictions in travel, cessation of recreational activities, and producing a decline in national economies. Included in the impacts of the pandemic are disruptions in drug supply chains (2,3) and access to training facilities [i.e., gymnasia, hereafter referred to as gyms (4,5)]. One group at particular risk are strength athletes who use image and performance enhancing drugs (IPEDs), as the pandemic may have disrupted their ability to train and access certain IPEDs, potentially leading to detrimental mental health outcomes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Male Strength Athletes Who Use Non-prescribed Anabolic-Androgenic Steroids

2021

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Background: One sub-population potentially affected by the COVID-19 pandemic are strength athletes who use anabolic-androgenic steroids (AAS). We examined links between disruption in AAS use and training due to the pandemic and mental health outcomes in this population, hypothesising: (a) the pandemic would be linked with reduced training and AAS use; and (b) athletes perceiving greater impact on their training and AAS use would report increases in detrimental mental health outcomes.Methods: Male strength athletes using AAS (N = 237) from 42 countries completed an online questionnaire in May 2020. A sub-sample (N = 90) from 20 countries participated again 4 months later. The questionnaire assessed pre-pandemic and current AAS use and training, alongside several mental health outcomes.Results: At Time 1, most participants perceived an impact of the pandemic on AAS use (91.1%) and/or training (57.8%). Dependent t-tests demonstrated significant reductions in training frequency (t = 7.78; p < 0.001) and AAS dose (t = 6.44; p < 0.001) compared to pre-pandemic. Linear regression showed the impact of the pandemic on training was a significant positive predictor of excessive body checking (B = 0.35) and mood swings (B = 0.26), and AAS dose was a significant positive predictor of anxiety (B = 0.67), insomnia (B = 0.52), mood swings (B = 0.37). At Time 2, fewer participants perceived an impact of the pandemic on AAS use (29.9%) and/or training (66.7%) than at Time 1. Training frequency (t = 3.02; p < 0.01) and AAS dose (t = 2.11; p < 0.05) were depressed in comparison to pre-pandemic. However, AAS dose had increased compared to Time 1 (t = 2.11; p < 0.05). Linear regression showed the impact of the pandemic on training/AAS use did not significantly predict any mental-health outcomes. However, AAS dose was a significant negative predictor of depressive thoughts (B = −0.83) and mood swings (B = −2.65).Conclusion: Our findings showed impact of the pandemic on the training and AAS use, reflected in reduced training frequency and AAS dose. However, whilst we detected some short-term consequential effects on mental health, these did not appear to be long-lasting.

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Exercise addiction and COVID-19-associated restrictions

Cited by 36 publications

References 22 publications

WITHDRAWN: Dyslipidemia Increases the Risk of Severe COVID-19: A Systematic Review, Meta-analysis, and Meta-regression

WITHDRAWN: Dyslipidemia Increases the Risk of Severe COVID-19: A Systematic Review, Meta-analysis, and Meta-regression

Dyslipidemia Increases the Risk of Severe COVID-19: A Systematic Review, Meta-analysis, and Meta-regression

The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Male Strength Athletes Who Use Non-prescribed Anabolic-Androgenic Steroids

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