Exercise and Counseling for Smoking Cessation in Smokers With Depressive Symptoms: A Randomized Controlled Pilot Trial

Bernard, Paquito; Ninot, G.; Cyprien, Fabienne; Courtet, Philippe; Guillaume, Sébastien; Georgescu, V.; Picot, Marie‐Christine; Taylor, Adrian; Quantin, Xavier

doi:10.1080/15504263.2015.1113842

Cited by 35 publications

(76 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…[7][8][9] Thus, designing effective smoking cessation interventions for women with depression-a tobacco use disparity group-is a public health priority. 10,11 Few studies targeted smokers with current depression [12][13][14][15][16][17] and only one of these targeted women specifically. 12 This pilot study evaluated the potential role of supervised vigorous exercise as a smoking cessation intervention for depressed females.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…21 Moreover, two studies of exercise counseling encouraging home-based, unsupervised exercise for depressed smokers found no effect on smoking abstinence compared with a health education contact control group. 12,13 A supervised exercise program has the potential to benefit depressed smokers by providing reinforcement, guidance, and support for exercise; thus improving adherence. 18 As an initial step, we examined if the same effective intervention tested among women smokers 19 could also be efficacious for female smokers with depression, as individuals with psychiatric disorders including depression are understudied in the exercise for smoking cessation treatment literature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Supervised, Vigorous Intensity Exercise Intervention for Depressed Female Smokers: A Pilot Study

Patten

Bronars

Douglas

et al. 2016

NICTOB

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This preliminary study found that vigorous intensity supervised exercise is feasible and enhances short-term smoking cessation among depressed female smokers. This research addressed an important gap in the field. Despite decades of research examining exercise interventions for smoking cessation, few studies were done among depressed smokers or those with comorbid psychiatric disorders. A novel finding was increases in levels of a pro-inflammatory biomarker observed among women who smoked at the end of the intervention compared to those who did not.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Supervised, Vigorous Intensity Exercise Intervention for Depressed Female Smokers: A Pilot Study

Patten

Bronars

Douglas

et al. 2016

NICTOB

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“…Indeed, it has been argued that exercise as a cessation aid, given its antidepressant and mood enhancing effect (Carek et al, 2011; Cooney et al, 2013; Dunn et al, 2005), may be particularly effective for smokers with elevated depressive symptoms (Bernard et al, 2013). Several preliminary studies with depressed smokers have found that aerobic exercise as an intervention may increase likelihood of smoking cessation outcomes (Bernard et al, 2015, 2012; Patten et al, 2016; Vickers et al, 2009). However, as is the case with the general population, adherence to exercise programs among smokers is low (Ussher et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of physical activity enjoyment on the acute mood experience of exercise among smokers with elevated depressive symptoms

Abrantes

Farris

Garnaat

et al. 2017

Mental Health and Physical Activity

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Problem Depressive symptoms are consistently shown to be related to poor smoking cessation outcomes. Aerobic exercise is a potential treatment augmentation that, given its antidepressant and mood enhancing effect, may bolster cessation outcomes for smokers with elevated depressive symptoms. Lower enjoyment of physical activity may inhibit the acute mood enhancing effects of aerobic exercise. The current study investigated the associations between depressive symptoms, physical activity enjoyment and the acute mood experience from exercise among low-active smokers with elevated depressive symptoms. Method Daily smokers with elevated depressive symptoms (N=159; Mage = 45.1, SD = 10.79; 69.8% female) were recruited for a randomized controlled exercise-based smoking cessation trial. Participants self-reported levels of depressive symptoms, physical activity enjoyment, and rated their mood experience (assessed as “mood” and “anxiety”) before and after a standardized aerobic exercise test. Results Hierarchical regression analysis revealed that depressive symptom severity accounted for significant unique variance in physical activity enjoyment (R2 =.041, t = −2.61, p = .010), beyond the non-significant effects of gender and level of tobacco dependence. Additionally, physical activity enjoyment was a significant mediator of the association between depressive symptom severity and acute mood experience (“mood” and “anxiety”) following the exercise test. Conclusions Physical activity enjoyment may explain, at least in part, how depressive symptom severity is linked to the acute mood experience following a bout of activity. Interventions that target increasing physical activity enjoyment may ultimately assist in enhancing the mood experience from exercise, and therefore improve smoking cessation likelihood, especially for smokers with elevated depressive symptoms.

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“…A study on exercise and counselling for smoking cessation for those with current depressive disorders reports attrition rates of 20 % and 37 % for the intervention and control respectively [42]. Another exercise counselling for smoking cessation among depressed women [43] reports slightly higher attrition rates of 35 % at 10 weeks with no difference between arms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors associated with study attrition in a pilot randomised controlled trial to explore the role of exercise-assisted reduction to stop (EARS) smoking in disadvantaged groups

Thompson¹,

Greaves

Ayres³

et al. 2016

Trials

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BackgroundStudy attrition has the potential to compromise a trial’s internal and external validity. The aim of the present study was to identify factors associated with participant attrition in a pilot trial of the effectiveness of a novel behavioural support intervention focused on increasing physical activity to reduce smoking, to inform the methods to reduce attrition in a definitive trial.MethodsDisadvantaged smokers who wanted to reduce but not quit were randomised (N = 99), of whom 61 (62 %) completed follow-up assessments at 16 weeks. Univariable logistic regression was conducted to determine the effects of intervention arm, method of recruitment, and participant characteristics (sociodemographic factors, and lifestyle, behavioural and attitudinal characteristics) on attrition, followed by multivariable logistic regression on those factors found to be related to attrition.ResultsParticipants with low confidence to quit, and who were undertaking less than 150 mins of moderate and vigorous physical activity per week at baseline were less likely to complete the 16-week follow-up assessment. Exploratory analysis revealed that those who were lost to follow-up early in the trial (i.e., by 4 weeks), compared with those completing the study, were younger, had smoked for fewer years and had lower confidence to quit in the next 6 months. Participants who recorded a higher expired air carbon monoxide reading at baseline were more likely to drop out late in the study, as were those recruited via follow-up telephone calls. Multivariable analyses showed that only completing less than 150 mins of physical activity retained any confidence in predicting attrition in the presence of other variables.ConclusionsThe findings indicate that those who take more effort to be recruited, are younger, are heavier smokers, have less confidence to quit, and are less physically active are more likely to withdraw or be lost to follow-up.

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Exercise and Counseling for Smoking Cessation in Smokers With Depressive Symptoms: A Randomized Controlled Pilot Trial

Abstract: This finding, while preliminary, suggests that an exercise and counseling intervention may yield better results than health education in improving smoking abstinence. This study is registered at www.clinincaltrials.gov under # NCT01401569.

Cited by 35 publications

References 61 publications

Supervised, Vigorous Intensity Exercise Intervention for Depressed Female Smokers: A Pilot Study

Supervised, Vigorous Intensity Exercise Intervention for Depressed Female Smokers: A Pilot Study

The role of physical activity enjoyment on the acute mood experience of exercise among smokers with elevated depressive symptoms

Factors associated with study attrition in a pilot randomised controlled trial to explore the role of exercise-assisted reduction to stop (EARS) smoking in disadvantaged groups

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