Exercise and oxidative stress: Potential effects of antioxidant dietary strategies in sports

Pingitore, Alessandro; Lima, Giuseppina Pace Pereira; Mastorci, Francesca; Quinones, Alfredo; Iervasi, Giorgio; Vassalle, Cristina

doi:10.1016/j.nut.2015.02.005

Cited by 372 publications

(307 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…Oxidative stress, reflecting an imbalance between production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the ability to eliminate reactive intermediates, could repair the damage caused by an adequate antioxidant defense [20]. Stroke often occurs with neurodegenerative sequelae associated with the new connections and angiogenesis, and many neurons subjected to ischemia due to stroke die within a few hours, which illustrates that ischemic stroke may damage the neuronal ultrastructures [21, 22].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhibition of the SOCS1-JAK2-STAT3 Signaling Pathway Confers Neuroprotection in Rats with Ischemic Stroke

Wang

Qiao

Liu

et al. 2017

Cell Physiol Biochem

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Background: The present study aims to investigate the protective effects of the SOCS1-JAK2-STAT3 signaling pathway on neurons in a rat model of ischemic stroke. Methods: Our study was conducted using an ischemic stroke rat model. After the microglia were extracted, 40 neonatal Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were assigned into the blank, AG490, model and negative control (NC) groups. The neurological function of all the rats was evaluated. Histopathological changes were observed. qRT-PCR and western blotting were applied to measure the expression of genes and proteins in the SOCS1-JAK2-STAT3 signaling pathway and related to apoptosis. The TUNEL assay was conducted to calculate the cellular morphology and apoptosis of neuronal cells. Cell viability was detected using the MTT assay. In addition, immunoassays were used to measure the content of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) as well as the levels of oxidative stress. Results: Compared with the blank group, the model and NC groups showed higher neurological function scores—the cytoplasm of the neurons were cavitated, the organelles were reduced with unclear margins, some of the neurons were necrotic, and apoptosis was increased. In addition, the NC and model groups exhibited decreased cell viability, lower mRNA and protein expression of SOCS1 SOCS3 and bcl-2 and reduced SOD and GSH levels but higher mRNA and protein expression levels of AK2, STAT3,Bax and caspase-3 as well as increased protein expression of P-JAK2, P-STAT3 and activated caspase-3 (c-caspase-3). Moreover, the MDA levels were up-regulated in the NC and model groups. In contrast, opposing trends were found in the AG490 group compared with the NC and model groups. Conclusion: These data demonstrate that inhibiting the SOCS1-JAK2-STAT3 signaling pathway can reduce the loss of nerve function and apoptosis of neuronal cells, which provides a new target for the clinical treatment of ischemic stroke.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhibition of the SOCS1-JAK2-STAT3 Signaling Pathway Confers Neuroprotection in Rats with Ischemic Stroke

Wang

Qiao

Liu

et al. 2017

Cell Physiol Biochem

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“…The majority of published papers confirm the general belief that antioxidant supplements improve health and even prevent several diseases. However, there is also a growing evidence regarding the useless or negative effects of antioxidant supplementation on physiological and biochemical outcomes and performance of exercise-trained individuals [1][2][3][4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…So, a great body of researchers have investigated the possibility to prevent the exercise-induced oxidative stress and muscle damage through nutritional intervention, mainly using antioxidants. For a comprehensive review and discussion on this topic, please refer, e.g., to [4][5][6]. On the other hand, recent investigations report also several positive aspects of ROS generation in sport performance and their role in cell signaling and adaptation to regular training [7][8][9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blood serum DSC analysis of well-trained men response to CrossFit training and green tea extract supplementation

Michnik

Sadowska-Krępa

Domaszewski

et al. 2017

J Therm Anal Calorim

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Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) has been used for the detection of post-exercise changes in blood serum resulting from participation in the CrossFit (CF) training combined with green tea extract (GTE) supplementation. Blood samples from 20 well-trained men were collected at rest, immediately post-exercise and after 1 h of recovery in two trials: first before and second after CF training combined with GTE or placebo administration in the supplemented (S) and control (C) groups, respectively. Selected muscle damage biomarkers have been compared in different phases of the experiment. A significant increase in blood lactate content has been observed post-exercise in both trials in both participants' groups. The opposite trends have been noted for the C and S groups in creatine kinase (CK) activity changes recorded during the first to the second trial: an increase in CK for the control and a decrease for the supplemented group in all phases of the experiment: pre-exercise, post-exercise and after recovery. In the second trial, all CK values for the S group have been found significantly lower than the corresponding values recorded in the C group. These results suggest a mitigate effect of GTE supplementation on post-training muscle damage. DSC results did not reveal clear effects of training nor GTE supplementation on serum denaturation transition. However, interesting dependences of thermodynamic parameters describing this transition have been observed in different phases of the experiment. Statistically significant negative correlations have been found between post-training VO 2max and post-exercise thermodynamic parameters associated with haptoglobin contribution to serum denaturation transition.

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“…Intenzivna fizička aktivnost stimuliše antioksidativnu odbranu, ali sportisti treba da raspolažu dovoljnom količinom antioksidanasa koji će se suprotstaviti slobodnim radikalima. Vitamini i minerali su antioksidansi koji smanjuju oksidativni stres nastao tokom vežbanja (32). Rutinsko vežbanje izaziva ,,trošenje" i gubitak mikronutrijenata iz tela.…”

Section: Mikronutrijentiunclassified

Sports nutrition

Tomanić¹

2016

Medicinski podmladak

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1Katedra za higijenu sa medicinskom ekologijom, Medicinski fakultet, Univerzitet u Beogradu, Srbija Kontakt: milena.tomanic@yahoo.com Sažetak S obzirom na veću energetsku potrošnju, fizički aktivne osobe imaju i povećane nutritivne zahteve. Pored drugih važnih faktora za bavljenje sportom, kao što su dobro zdravstveno stanje i fizička predispozicija, adekvatna ishrana predstavlja fundamentalnu komponentu. Ishrana sportista mora da bude dobro isplanirana i individualno prilagođena na osnovu telesnih karakteristika, tendencije ka dobijanju u težini ili mršavljenju, učestalosti, dužini i intenzitetu treninga. Studije su pokazale da dobro balansiran odnos makro-i mikronutrijenata, uz podršku suplemenata i adekvatnu hidrataciju, može da značajno unapredi sportske performanse i odigra ključnu ulogu u postizanju boljih rezultata. Optimalno dizajniran program ishrane, sa realnim i dostižnim ciljevima, koji se nadovezuju na dobro isplanirane treninge, predstavlja osnov za uspešno bavljenje sportom. Samo ispunjeni nutritivni zahtevi mogu da preveniraju deficite i unaprede sportska dostignuća do krajnjih granica.Ključne reči: ishrana, dijeta, sport, sportisti, suplementi, hidratacija AbstractDue to higher energy consumption, physically active people have higher nutritional requirements. In addition to other important factors for sports, such as good health and physical predisposition, adequate nutrition is a fundamental component. Sports nutrition must be well planned and individually adapted based on physical characteristics, tendencies towards gaining or losing weight, frequency, duration and intensity of training sessions. Studies have shown that a well-balanced ratio of macro and micronutrients, with the support of supplements and adequate hydration, can significantly improve athletic performance and plays a key role in achieving better results. An optimally designed nutritional program, with realistic and achievable goals, which complements a well-planned training program, is the basis for success in sports. Only when nutritional requirements are met, deficits can be prevented and performance in sport pushed to the limit. Key words: nutrition, diet, sport, athlete, supplements, hydration UvodPrema Insitutu Mulier (Holandija) (1), preko 60 miliona ljudi u Evropi su članovi nekog sportskog kluba. Kada se tome doda broj rekreativaca u svim vidovima fizičke aktivnosti postaje jasno kolika je razmera sportske populacije. Uprkos potencijalno negativnim ishodima, kao što su relativno česte povrede i slično, preovlađuje jedinstveno mišljenje da pozitivni aspekti bavljenja sportom umnogome nadmašuju negativne (2). Brojne studije ukazuju da fizička aktivnost i sport imaju pozitivne efekte na razvoj ličnosti, kao i na emotivno i psihosocijalno sazrevanje kod mladih. U poređenju sa vršnjakinjama koje se nisu bavile sportom, sportistkinje u srednjoj školi ređe su stupale u seksualne odnose, ređe konzumirale alkohol, cigarete i drogu i u manjem broju slučajeva patile od depresije (3).Pored drugih važnih faktora koji predstavljaju o...

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Exercise and oxidative stress: Potential effects of antioxidant dietary strategies in sports

Cited by 372 publications

References 56 publications

Inhibition of the SOCS1-JAK2-STAT3 Signaling Pathway Confers Neuroprotection in Rats with Ischemic Stroke

Inhibition of the SOCS1-JAK2-STAT3 Signaling Pathway Confers Neuroprotection in Rats with Ischemic Stroke

Blood serum DSC analysis of well-trained men response to CrossFit training and green tea extract supplementation

Sports nutrition

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