Exercise-associated prevention of adult cardiovascular disease in children and adolescents: monocytes, molecular mechanisms, and a call for discovery

Radom‐Aizik, Shlomit

doi:10.1038/s41390-019-0581-7

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 163 publications

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“…At the same time, positive and effective physical activity or exercise in children and adolescents (89) can prevent fCVD in adult. Animal experiments showed that physical activity or exercise results in a persistent decrease in systolic blood pressure in the spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) since it can reshape gut microbiota and improve impaired gut-brain axis (90).…”

Section: Mechanisms Mediated By Exercise and Microbiomementioning

confidence: 99%

The “brain-heart-gut” axis and novel mechanisms of future cardiovascular disease

2022

Preprint

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Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the globe. Both established cardiovascular disease (eCVD) and future CVD (fCVD) need to further explore the mechanisms. This article briefly introduces current major studies on axis and CVD, which were published in cardiovascular journals and non-cardiovascular journals (Table 1 & Table 2), and brings up and discusses the new origins of fCVD linking to major risk factors in early life due to unhealthy “environment-sleep-emotion-exercise-diet” intervention [E(e)SEEDi] lifestyle referred as to a “Golden Hoop Curse”, and the “brain-heart-gut” axis—a fresh theory on novel mechanisms of fCVD (Figure 1 & Figure 2), which are mediated by E(e)SEEDi lifestyle and microbiome. As a new theory, the “brain-heart-gut” axis will help us to earlier and better prevent and control both eCVD and fCVD with healthy E(e)SEEDi lifestyle.

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Section: Mechanisms Mediated By Exercise and Microbiomementioning

confidence: 99%

The “brain-heart-gut” axis and novel mechanisms of future cardiovascular disease

2022

Preprint

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“…The global healthcare environment is constantly changing because of the often unpredictable environmental, economic, and infectious factors. The ability of a child or adolescent to exercise is a bellwether for health and disease and a useful predictor of health across the life span (46). In the past 18 months alone, the COVID-19 pandemic has affected millions of children, and emerging data suggest a profound effect of the disease, or the shutdowns, on patterns of physical activity in children and adults with potential lifelong consequences (47)(48)(49).…”

Section: Networkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pediatric Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing: Interoperability Through Domain Analysis Modeling and a National Survey

Cooper

Bar‐Yoseph²,

Liem³

et al. 2022

Medicine &Amp; Science in Sports &Amp; Exercise

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PurposeThe electronic health record, data science advances, and dynamic environmental and infectious threats to child health highlight the need for harmonized and interoperable approaches to pediatric cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET). Accordingly, we developed a terminology harmonization in exercise medicine and exercise science domain analysis model (THEMES DAM) to structure CPET data elements.MethodsTHEMES DAM identified 114 data elements, including participant information, calibration, equipment, protocols, laboratory personnel, encouragement strategies, and analysis procedures. We used the THEMES DAM, vetted by the international data standards organization HL7, to construct a current-state survey of pediatric CPET centers in the United States. Forty-eight of 101 centers responded to a questionnaire covering seven major topic areas (38 items).ResultsCenters predominantly performed between 100 and 500 tests annually. Cardiac disease represented 55% of referrals. Almost all centers calibrated gas concentrations and flow daily, but 42% never calibrated their treadmill or cycle ergometers. All centers measured V̇O2peakbut calculated differently. Centers used a variety of protocols (e.g., for treadmill: 61%, Bruce; 43%, modified Bruce; 59%, other); 44% calculated CPET slopes from submaximal portions of CPET (e.g., V̇O2-HR). All centers verbally encouraged participants, but only 40% used a standardized approach. The interpretation of CPET was done by physicians (60%), exercise physiologists (25%), exercise technicians (10%), nurses (1%), or others (4%). Ninety-one percent would agree to collaborate in multicenter research, 89% to establish dynamic reference values, and 83% to better interpret CPET.ConclusionsThe survey data and the implementation of THEMES DAM could accelerate interoperability across multiple centers. This would facilitate a nimble approach to create pediatric reference values responsive to the constantly changing health environment and stimulate novel approaches to CPET research and clinical application.

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“…For instance, oxidized lipids generated by free radical-underregulated levels contribute to every step of atherosclerosis. In fact, some interventions are proposed to counteract these deleterious factors [84].…”

Section: Oxidative Stress Inflammation and Cardiovascular Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Melatonin in Early Nutrition: Long-Term Effects on Cardiovascular System

Gombert

Codoñer‐Franch

2021

IJMS

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Breastfeeding protects against adverse cardiovascular outcomes in the long term. Melatonin is an active molecule that is present in the breast milk produced at night beginning in the first stages of lactation. This indoleamine appears to be a relevant contributor to the benefits of breast milk because it can affect infant health in several ways. The melatonin concentration in breast milk varies in a circadian pattern, making breast milk a chrononutrient. The consumption of melatonin can induce the first circadian stimulation in the infant’s body at an age when his/her own circadian machinery is not functioning yet. This molecule is also a powerful antioxidant with the ability to act on infant cells directly as a scavenger and indirectly by lowering oxidant molecule production and enhancing the antioxidant capacity of the body. Melatonin also participates in regulating inflammation. Furthermore, melatonin can participate in shaping the gut microbiota composition, richness, and variation over time, also modulating which molecules are absorbed by the host. In all these ways, melatonin from breast milk influences weight gain in infants, limiting the development of obesity and comorbidities in the long term, and it can help shape the ideal cellular environment for the development of the infant’s cardiovascular system.

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Exercise-associated prevention of adult cardiovascular disease in children and adolescents: monocytes, molecular mechanisms, and a call for discovery

Cited by 10 publications

References 163 publications

The “brain-heart-gut” axis and novel mechanisms of future cardiovascular disease

The “brain-heart-gut” axis and novel mechanisms of future cardiovascular disease

Pediatric Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing: Interoperability Through Domain Analysis Modeling and a National Survey

Melatonin in Early Nutrition: Long-Term Effects on Cardiovascular System

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