Exercise-induced oxidative stress affects erythrocytes in sedentary rats but not exercise-trained rats

Abstract

Oxidant stress is one of the factors proposed to be responsible for damaged erythrocytes observed during and after exercise. The impact of exertional oxidant stress after acute exhaustive treadmill running on erythrocyte damage was investigated in sedentary (Sed) and exercise-trained (ET) rats treated with or without antioxidant vitamins C and E. Exhaustive exercise led to statistically significant increments in the levels of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance (TBARS) and H2O2-induced TBARS in Sed rats and resulted in functional and structural alterations in erythrocytes (plasma hemoglobin concentrations, methemoglobin levels, and rise in osmotic fragility of erythrocytes with decrease in erythrocyte deformability). Administration of antioxidant vitamin for 1 mo before exhaustive exercises prevented lipid peroxidation (TBARS, H2O2-induced TBARS) in Sed rats without any functional or structural alterations in erythrocytes. Parameters indicating erythrocyte lipid peroxidation and deterioration after exhaustive exercise in rats trained regularly with treadmill running for 1 mo were not different from those in Sed controls. Erythrocyte lipid peroxidation (TBARS) increased in exhausted-ET rats compared with ET controls; however, the plasma hemoglobin, methemoglobin levels, and erythrocyte osmotic fragility and deformability did not differ. Exhaustive exercise-induced lipid peroxidation in ET rats on antioxidant vitamin treatment was prevented, whereas functional and structural parameters of erythrocytes were not different from those of the ET controls. We conclude that exertional oxidant stress contributed to erythrocyte deterioration due to exercise in Sed but not in ET rats.

Efeitos da suplementação carboidratada e de diferentes tipos de treinamento físico sobre as concentrações de células sanguíneas

“…Trained individuals tend to present low hemoglobin concentrations due to increase in the plasma volume. This sports anemia can also be observed in exercisedindividuals 19 . In the present study, increase in the hemoglobin content has been identified with performance of high intensity anaerobic exercise and with use of sports solution with maltodextrin.…”

l-carnitine as a Potential Additive in Blood Storage Solutions: A Study on Erythrocytes

“…The mixtures were incubated at 37°C in an incubator. Hemolysis was determined by measuring released Hb into the supernatant of the induced samples at 540 nm and expressed on the basis of the maximum absorbance [100 %] in the aliquots of erythrocytes completely hemolysed in distilled water [31].…”

Exercise and oxidative stress in hypoxia

“…Dekkers et al 5) have reported an increase in ESR signals in the muscle tissue homogenate immediately after maximum exercise. Furthermore, many studies have shown an increase in thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), which are an indicator of lipid peroxidation, in the blood and skeletal muscles 6) . Thus, it is thought that the volume of ROS generation generally increases depending on the intensity of exercise 7) .…”