Exercise-induced vasodilation is associated with menopause stage in healthy middle-aged women

Moore, David; Gonzales, Joaquin U.; Tucker, Steven H.; Elavsky, Steriani; Proctor, David N.

doi:10.1139/h2012-015

Cited by 15 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…This finding of similar exercise hyperaemia is in contrast to observations made in the study by Moore et al . () in which late peri‐ and early postmenopausal women displayed lower blood flow and vascular conductance than early perimenopausal women during knee‐extensor exercise. This discrepancy may be explained by physiological changes associated with the transition from the pre‐ to the early perimenopausal phase because these changes may lead to compensatory vascular mechanisms and consequently enhanced exercise hyperaemia during the menopausal transition (Clarkson et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This altered vascular response may be attributable to the loss of sex hormones associated with menopause rather than age per se because exercise hyperaemia has been reported to be reduced in the early phase following the menopausal transition (Moore et al . ) and menopausal stage (and not age) appears to predict the vascular response to exercise in women (Parker et al . ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Leg vascular and skeletal muscle mitochondrial adaptations to aerobic high‐intensity exercise training are enhanced in the early postmenopausal phase

Nyberg

Egelund

Mandrup

et al. 2017

The Journal of Physiology

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Exercise training leads to favourable adaptations within skeletal muscle; however, this effect of exercise training may be blunted in postmenopausal women as a result of the loss of oestrogens. Furthermore, postmenopausal women may have an impaired vascular response to acute exercise. We examined the haemodynamic response to acute exercise in matched pre- and postmenopausal women before and after 12 weeks of aerobic high intensity exercise training. Twenty premenopausal and 16 early postmenopausal (mean ± SEM: 3.1 ± 0.5 years after final menstrual period) women only separated by 4 years of age (mean ± SEM: 50 ± 0 years vs. 54 ± 1 years) were included. Before training, leg blood flow, O delivery, O uptake and lactate release during knee-extensor exercise were similar in pre- and postmenopausal women. Exercise training reduced (P < 0.05) leg blood flow, O delivery, O uptake, lactate release, blood pressure and heart rate during the same absolute workloads in postmenopausal women. These effects were not detected in premenopausal women. Quadriceps muscle protein contents of mitochondrial complex II, III and IV; endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS); cyclooxygenase (COX)-1; COX-2; and oestrogen-related receptor α (ERRα) were increased (P < 0.05) with training in postmenopausal women, whereas only the levels of mitochondrial complex V, eNOS and COX-2 were increased (P < 0.05) in premenopausal women. These findings demonstrate that vascular and skeletal muscle mitochondrial adaptations to aerobic high intensity exercise training are more pronounced in recent post- compared to premenopausal women, possibly as an effect of enhanced ERRα signalling. Also, the hyperaemic response to acute exercise appears to be preserved in the early postmenopausal phase.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leg vascular and skeletal muscle mitochondrial adaptations to aerobic high‐intensity exercise training are enhanced in the early postmenopausal phase

Nyberg

Egelund

Mandrup

et al. 2017

The Journal of Physiology

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“…Lastly, the novel insight gained by the study of Mortensen et al supports the use of similar integrative approaches in other sub‐groups exhibiting attenuated vascular responses during exercise, e.g. post‐menopausal women (Moore et al 2012) and other patient groups with elevated cardiovascular or metabolic disease risk.…”

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confidence: 84%

Lifelong physical activity and blood flow to active muscles: sufficient supply to meet the demand

Proctor

Moore

2012

The Journal of Physiology

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Despite many efforts over the past ∼40 years to determine the influence of ageing on exercise hyperaemia, fundamental questions remain regarding (1) the interactive influences of primary ageing and physical activity level and (2) whether or not attenuated blood flow and vascular conductance responses at a given work rate have metabolic or functional consequences (Proctor & Parker, 2006). Nowhere have these questions been more comprehensively addressed than in a study published in the current issue of The Journal of Physiology. In this study (Mortensen et al. 2012), Mortensen and colleagues at the Copenhagen Muscle Research Centre examined exercise-and pharmacologically-induced leg vascular and metabolic responses in three groups of men: young, lifelong sedentary, and lifelong physically active older men. They report that, during single leg knee extensor exercise at the same submaximal work rate, both sedentary and physically active older men exhibited blunted vasodilator responses compared with younger men. Similarly, leg blood flow during exercise was significantly (sedentary) or on average (physically active) lower in both groups of older men. However, in the sedentary older men, attenuated leg vascular responses were associated with greater lactate release ( Fig. 3 in their paper), while similarly attenuated vascular responses in the lifelong active men were not. These findings provide evidence to suggest that lower blood flow to exercising leg muscles in sedentary older men may be associated with impaired local aerobic metabolism. Therefore, despite similar vasodilator and blood flow responses to dynamic exercise between the two older groups, the extent to which these responses are sufficient to meet the metabolic demand appear to differ depending on lifelong physical activity.While the use of isolated leg ergometry models (e.g. knee extensor and stationary cycling) offer the advantage of measuring arterial inflow and assessing local vascular and metabolic responses within a well-defined group of muscles, it is important to note that whole limb blood flow and arterial-venous differences tell us little about the distribution of blood flow within the active limb(s). As seen in Fig. 3 of their paper, local noradrenaline release induced by tyramine lowered blood flow and vascular conductance but augmented (a-v) O 2 difference in the exercising leg of sedentary older men despite unaltered legV O2 and lactate release. Taken together, these findings suggest that tyramine-induced constriction in the exercising leg of sedentary older men may be occurring to a greater extent within less metabolically active regions. These findings are in contrast to the younger and lifelong active older men who exhibited unaltered vascular and metabolic responses to tyramine. Collectively, these findings suggest that blood flow may be less effectively distributed within the exercising leg of sedentary, but not lifelong active, older men. Moreover, a less effective distribution of blood flow in the exercising leg of sedentary older men...

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“…Additionally, brachial artery FMD is improved in amenorrheic premenopausal athletes to levels observed in eumenorrheic athletes and sedentary controls with recovery of menses (44), and with oral contraceptives (33). Second, leg blood flow and vascular conductance during single-leg knee extensions was attenuated in late perimenopausal and postmenopausal compared to early perimenopausal women, suggesting that leg vasodilation and exercise hyperemia are impaired in states of reduced estrogen concentrations (22). …”

Section: Sex Hormone Modulation Of Endothelial Function To Exercise Tmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vascular Adaptations to Habitual Exercise in Older Adults: Time for the Sex Talk

Moreau

Ozemek

2017

Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews

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Regular exercise is promoted as a therapeutic strategy for age-associated endothelial dysfunction. Improvements in endothelial function are observed with endurance exercise in older men, but are diminished or absent in older women. This review examines the hypothesis that sex hormones modulate vascular adaptations to exercise training by influencing antioxidant defense systems, mitochondrial function, oxidative stress, and intracellular signaling.

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Exercise-induced vasodilation is associated with menopause stage in healthy middle-aged women

Cited by 15 publications

References 38 publications

Leg vascular and skeletal muscle mitochondrial adaptations to aerobic high‐intensity exercise training are enhanced in the early postmenopausal phase

Leg vascular and skeletal muscle mitochondrial adaptations to aerobic high‐intensity exercise training are enhanced in the early postmenopausal phase

Lifelong physical activity and blood flow to active muscles: sufficient supply to meet the demand

Vascular Adaptations to Habitual Exercise in Older Adults: Time for the Sex Talk

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