Exercise, the Gut Microbiome, and Frailty

Abstract

Previous studies have reported a direct link between disease and disability without adequately accounting for disability in the absence of disease. The concept of frailty was proposed to describe this condition. 1) Frailty is defined as a clinical state in which an individual is vulnerable to imbalanced homeostasis when exposed to a stressor event. 2) Frailty can occur as a consequence of a cumulative decline in a range of physiological conditions. 3) Although frailty is not a specific disease, it is a concept that encompasses clinical signs such as loss of weight, leisure time activity, gait speed, grip strength, and exhaustion. 4) Healthy aging refers to aging without such aging-related deficits. 1) It is obvious that exercise is a crucial tool to

A Review of the Role of the Gut Microbiome in Personalized Sports Nutrition

“…A related body of research has developed investigating the "gut-muscle axis" as it relates to age-related changes in muscle mass (i.e., sarcopenia) and physical frailty (151,(168)(169)(170)(171)(172)(173)(174) as well as its potential role in the "muscle-gutbrain" axis and neurodegenerative diseases in aging (175,176). This field of research has the potential to inform the research in the field of the gut microbiome and exercise performance.…”

Relationship between visual acuity and muscle mass in the Korean older population: a cross-sectional study using Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey

“…Factors known to affect the reduction in muscle mass were adjusted in three steps. These factors included age, smoking status,17 frequency of alcohol consumption,18 physical activity,19 comorbidities (ie, myocardial infarction, stroke, hypertension and diabetes)20 and socioeconomic status 21. The level of statistical significance was defined as p<0.05.…”

Interactions between gut microbiota and skeletal muscle

“…Metabolic and inflammatory states, muscle function and GM are interdependent. Intervention studies in human and animal models show that GM composition and activity are not only influenced by diet 68 - 70 (and above), but also by physical activity such as fitness (Mach and Fuster-Botella 71 and Shin et al 72 and references therein). Globally, exercise promotes microbial diversity with species potentially beneficial to host health.…”