Exergy analysis of the woody biomass Stirling engine and PEM-FC combined system with exhaust heat reforming

Obara, Shin’ya; Tanno, Itaru; Kito, Shunsuke; Hoshi, Akira; Sasaki, Seizi

doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2008.02.035

Cited by 23 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…These benefits, together with their good performance and high thermal efficiency and output [86], especially compared with that of its main competitor Diesel engine [87], at very low output scales make Stirling engines a suitable option for residential dwellings and other micro-scale applications. Their main drawback, however, is precisely their novelty and lack of proven operation for biomass conversion to electricity [88].…”

Section: External Combustion Engine (Stirling Engine)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of micro- and small-scale technologies to produce electricity and heat from Mediterranean forests׳ wood chips

González

Riba

Puig

et al. 2015

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

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Section: External Combustion Engine (Stirling Engine)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of micro- and small-scale technologies to produce electricity and heat from Mediterranean forests׳ wood chips

González

Riba

Puig

et al. 2015

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

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“…In this paper, exergy waste that is generated by hydrogen, oxygen, water, and heat that is discharged from the system can be divided into two categories: recoverable exergy waste and unrecoverable exergy waste [ 54 ].

…”

Section: Thermodynamic Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance Analysis Based on Sustainability Exergy Indicators of High-Temperature Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell

Guo

et al. 2022

IJMS

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Based on finite-time thermodynamics, an irreversible high-temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cell (HT-PEMFC) model is developed, and the mathematical expressions of exergy efficiency, exergy destruction index (EDI), and exergy sustainability indicators (ESI) of HT-PEMFC are derived. According to HT-PEMFC model, the influences of thermodynamic irreversibility on exergy sustainability of HT-PEMFC are researched under different operating parameters that include operating temperatures, inlet pressure, and current density. The results show that the higher operating temperature and inlet pressure of HT-PEMFCs is beneficial to performance improvement. In addition, the single cell performance gradually decreases with increasing current density due to the presence of the irreversibility of HT-PEMFC.

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“…The waste heat and power of both WB-SEG and PEMFC are used for residential heating and electric power production, respectively. 21 Besides using waste heat of an ICE for fuel processing in a FC-HE hybrid system, the system efficiency can further be increased, if the flue gases from the anode of a FC are combusted in the ICE. Such a low-temperature FC-ICE hybrid system has been proposed by Morgenstern et al to use lowtemperature ethanol reformate in both the FC and ICE of a FC-HE hybrid system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They have proposed a hybrid system for co-generation using exhaust heat of a woody-biomass stirling engine (WB-SEG) for the steam reforming of city gas, which supplies the produced reformed gas to a PEMFC. The waste heat and power of both WB-SEG and PEMFC are used for residential heating and electric power production, respectively …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On-Board Fuel Processing for a Fuel Cell−Heat Engine Hybrid System

Süslü

Becerık

2009

Energy Fuels

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Fuel cells operated with hydrogen are more efficient than internal combustion engines, because the combustion in the internal combustion engine is less reversible than the electro-oxidation of hydrogen in the fuel cell. Hydrogen can be produced out of hydrocarbons, such as natural gas, or renewable resources at stationary facilities, but fuel cells operated with pressurized hydrogen stored on board require advanced hydrogen infrastructure for commercialization. An alternative to on-board storage of hydrogen is on-board processing of a liquid hydrocarbon to hydrogen via steam reforming. However, on-board reforming of hydrogen is less energy-efficient than centralized production of hydrogen. Moreover, on-board reforming, purification, and subsequent oxidation of the reformate in a fuel cell is not more efficient than a hybrid electric vehicle technology assisted internal combustion engine. We propose a fuel cell-heat engine hybrid system, which consists of a membrane reformer, a fuel cell, and a reciprocating internal combustion engine, and estimate the efficiency of the proposed hybrid system. Steam reforming of a hydrocarbon requires additional heat input, which can be recovered from the waste heat of an internal combustion engine. On the other hand, the retentate of the membrane reformer can be used in the internal combustion engine to further increase the system efficiency. Methanol is proposed as the fuel for the membrane reformer because the temperature level required is low enough to recover waste heat of reciprocating internal combustion engines for steam reforming of methanol. The hybrid system proposed is more flexible than a fuel cell with an on-board reformer, because additional fuel can be directly combusted in the internal combustion engine at cold start or rapid load increase. Because fuel cell efficiency decreases with load and internal combustion engine efficiency increases with load, the overall system efficiency is less load-dependent compared to the efficiencies of each of these technologies. The power of an automobile engine is considered as a benchmark for the system proposed.

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Exergy analysis of the woody biomass Stirling engine and PEM-FC combined system with exhaust heat reforming

Cited by 23 publications

References 6 publications

Review of micro- and small-scale technologies to produce electricity and heat from Mediterranean forests׳ wood chips

Review of micro- and small-scale technologies to produce electricity and heat from Mediterranean forests׳ wood chips

Performance Analysis Based on Sustainability Exergy Indicators of High-Temperature Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell

On-Board Fuel Processing for a Fuel Cell−Heat Engine Hybrid System

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