Exfoliation of Montmorillonite Clay by Mannich Polyamines with Multiple Quaternary Salts

First Isolation of Individual Silicate Platelets from Clay Exfoliation and Their Unique Self-Assembly into Fibrous Arrays

“…24 The individual silicate platelets were obtained from delaminating the above layered mineral through a newly developed exfoliation process and subsequent extraction with sodium hydroxide in our research group. 21,24 Exfoliation of Na + -MMT with the Agents Prepared from Mannich Condensation of Poly(oxypropylene)-diamine, p-Cresol, and Formaldehyde. The typical procedures for preparing the polyamine exfoliating agents involve the use of poly(oxypropylene)-diamine of various molecular weights (M w ).…”

Effect of grafting architecture on the surfactant-like behavior of clay-poly(NiPAAm) nanohybrids

“…The size of individual platelet in the polydisperse MMT primary stack is estimated to be 80-100 nm in width and 1 nm in thickness [22]. Individual silicate platelets were obtained by delaminating the layered mineral using an exfoliation process developed by our research group [44] and subsequent extraction with sodium hydroxide.…”

Manipulating Assemblies of High‐Aspect‐Ratio Clays and Fatty Amine Salts to Form Surfaces Exhibiting a Lotus Effect

“…The random silicate platelets were prepared using a two-step process involving the polyamine exfoliation of Na + -MMT [32], followed by extraction using a toluene/ aqueous-NaOH (10 wt %) mixture. During the extraction process, the mixed solution was allowed to settle, causing the solvents to separate into two phases.…”

“…[28][29][30][31] A newly developed process has enabled the delamination of the layered structures, yielding discrete platelets in aqueous suspension. [32] The exfoliated silicate platelets are polydisperse in size, but generally exhibit a high surface area and bear a high ionic surface charge. Because of the presence of strong electrostatic attractions, the platelets exhibit a strong tendency to self-align into ordered structures.…”

“…The nanoscale silicate platelets (NSPs) are prepared by the direct exfoliation of sodium montmorillonite (Na + -MMT) using polyamine exfoliating agents. [32] The platelets are further extracted after exfoliation to remove the organics and isolate the discrete platelets as an aqueous suspension. The exfoliated Na + -MMT (i.e., NSPs), which are characterized by highly charged surfaces (primarily due to ϵSiO -Na + groups)…”