Exhalation of 222Rn from phosphogypsum piles located at the Southwest of Spain

Dueñas, C.; Liger, E.; Cañete, S.; Pérez, M.; Bolı́var, J.P.

doi:10.1016/j.jenvrad.2007.01.012

Cited by 55 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…This value is well above the recommended worldwide exposure limit of ≈2.4 mSv/year (UNSCEAR Report, 2000), and may thus pose a health threat to workers on the site or people living nearby (EURATOM Council Directive, 1996). In the same region, Dueñas et al, 2007, …”

Section: Atmospheric Contaminationmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…The most important source of PG radioactivity is reported to be 226 Ra (Rutherford et al, 1994). The data presented in Table 3 shows that a wide variation of 226 Ra activity concentrations has been observed (from 15 to 1140 Bq/kg for Sweden and Florida-USA, respectively), which can be attributed to the nature of the phosphate rock, the depth of sampling, and some 226 Ra migration (Dueñas et al, 2007 …”

Section: Characterisation Of Phosphogypsummentioning

confidence: 98%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Environmental impact and management of phosphogypsum

Tayibi¹,

Choura

López³

et al. 2009

Journal of Environmental Management

708

254

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The production of phosphoric acid from natural phosphate rock by means of the wet process gives rise to an industrial by-product named phosphogypsum (PG). About 5 tonnes of PG are generated per tonne of phosphoric acid production, and worldwide PG generation is estimated to be around 100-280 Mt per year. Most of this by-product is disposed of without any treatment, usually by dumping in large stockpiles. These are generally located in coastal areas close to phosphoric acid plants, where they occupy large land areas and cause serious environmental damage. PG is mainly composed of gypsum but also contains a high level of impurities such as phosphates, fluorides and sulphates, naturally occurring radionuclides, heavy metals, and other trace elements. All of this adds up to a negative environmental impact and many restrictions on PG applications. Up to 15% of world PG production is used to make building materials, as a soil amendment and as a set controller in the manufacture of Portland cement; uses that have been banned in most countries. The USEPA has classified PG as a "Technologically Enhanced Naturally Occurring Radioactive Material" (TENORM).This work reviews the different environmental impacts associated with PG storage and disposal. The methods described in the literature to minimise the negative effects of this waste are classified by treatment type, i.e. physical, chemical, thermal, etc., and different suggested applications for PG are detailed.

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Section: Atmospheric Contaminationmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Characterisation Of Phosphogypsummentioning

confidence: 98%

Environmental impact and management of phosphogypsum

Tayibi¹,

Choura

López³

et al. 2009

Journal of Environmental Management

708

254

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Although studies have shown that the radiological impact to the public due to the stacks is not significant (Cancio et al, 1998), they remain a source of social concern and receive sustained media coverage. The success of ongoing remediation works e radon exhalation from restored zones is eight times lower than active PG stacks (Dueñas et al, 2007) and gamma dose rates are reduced to almost background levels (Mas et al, 2006) e has failed to change public perception of risk. However, the operating license for the stacks (shown in Fig.…”

Section: The Huelva Estuarymentioning

confidence: 99%

A regulatory perspective on the radiological impact of NORM industries: the case of the Spanish phosphate industry

García-Talavera

Matarranz

Salas

et al. 2011

Journal of Environmental Radioactivity

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“…The in situ measurements are also performed, and they are more interesting in terms of looking for relationships between radon exhalation rate and different parameters. Some authors described this kind of measurements but the presented results regarded only a single or short-term measurements of radon exhalation rate from soil [10][11][12][13][14]. The study of the relationship between radon exhalation rate from soil and meteorological conditions has been carried out by Mazur and Kozak [15] and Ferry et al [16] The authors used an automatic device for long-term measurements of radon exhalation rate.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of the influence of chamber construction parameters on radon exhalation rate

et al. 2016

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Radon exhalation from ground is a process dependent on the emanation and migration of radon through ambient air. Most studies on radon exhalation from soil were performed regarding the influence of meteorological and soil parameters. As radon exhalation rate can be affected by the internal properties of the sample, it may also be influenced by the exhalation chamber geometry such as volume-to-area (V/S) ratio or other construction parameters. The measurements of radon exhalation from soil were made using different constructions of accumulation chamber and two types of radon monitors: RAD7 (Durridge) and AlphaGUARD PQ2000PRO (Genitron). The measurements were performed on one site in two locations and approximately at the same time. The first tests did not show the correlations of exhalation rate values and the chamber’s construction parameters and their geometrical dimensions. However, when examining the results, it seems that there are still too many factors that might have affected the process of radon exhalation. The future experiments are planned to be conducted in controlled laboratory conditions.

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Exhalation of 222Rn from phosphogypsum piles located at the Southwest of Spain

Cited by 55 publications

References 21 publications

Environmental impact and management of phosphogypsum

Environmental impact and management of phosphogypsum

A regulatory perspective on the radiological impact of NORM industries: the case of the Spanish phosphate industry

Investigation of the influence of chamber construction parameters on radon exhalation rate

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