Exhaled Breath Condensate: A Promising Source for Biomarkers of Lung Disease

Ling, Yan; Yeligar, Samantha M.; Brown, Lou Ann S.

doi:10.1100/2012/217518

Cited by 39 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…Through PLS-DA 10-times cross-validation tests, we demonstrated that the host breath volatiles were selective and specific predictors of the source of lysate exposure (table 2). There have been efforts to use cytokines as biomarkers of lung disease and injury [19–22]. In this study, the cytokine concentrations in BALF were not nuanced enough to distinguish between exposures to P. aeruginosa and S. aureus cell lysates up to 120 h (fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Breathprints of model murine bacterial lung infections are linked with immune response

et al. 2014

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In this model study, we explored the host’s contribution of breath volatiles to diagnostic secondary electrospray ionisation-mass spectrometry (SESI-MS) breathprints for acute bacterial lung infections, their correlation with the host’s immune response, and their use in identifying the lung pathogen. Murine airways were exposed to Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus bacterial cell lysates or to PBS (controls), and their breath and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were collected at six time points (from 6 to 120 h) after exposure. Five to six mice per treatment group and four to six mice per control group were sampled at each time. Breath volatiles were analysed using SESI-MS and the BALF total leukocytes, polymorphonuclear neutrophils, lactate dehydrogenase activity, and cytokine concentrations were quantified. Lysate exposure breathprints contain host volatiles that persist for up to 120 h; are pathogen specific; are unique from breathprints of controls, active infections and cleared infections; and are correlated with the host’s immune response. Bacterial lung infections induce changes to the host’s breath volatiles that are selective and specific predictors of the source of infection. Harnessing the pathogen-specific volatiles in the host’s breath may provide useful information for detecting latent bacterial lung infections and managing the spread of respiratory diseases.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Breathprints of model murine bacterial lung infections are linked with immune response

et al. 2014

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“…As biomarkers of pulmonary pathophysiology, we measured exhaled breath condensate (EBC) malondialdehyde (MDA) for oxidative stress;[11] fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO),[12] EBC pH, and EBC nitrite and nitrate (EBCNN) for inflammation;[11] and FEV 1 , FVC, and FEV 1 /FVC ratio for lung function. Measured biomarkers of systemic inflammation and oxidative stress included C-reactive protein (CRP),[13] urinary 8-hydroxy-2’-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG),[14] and urinary MDA (UMDA).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combined use of an electrostatic precipitator and a high-efficiency particulate air filter in building ventilation systems: Effects on cardiorespiratory health indicators in healthy adults

Day

Xiang

et al. 2018

Indoor Air

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High-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filtration in combination with an electrostatic precipitator (ESP) can be a cost-effective approach to reducing indoor particulate exposure, but ESPs produce ozone. The health effect of combined ESP-HEPA filtration has not been examined. We conducted an intervention study in 89 volunteers. At baseline, the air-handling units of offices and residences for all subjects were comprised of coarse, ESP, and HEPA filtration. During the 5-week long intervention, the subjects were split into 2 groups, 1 with just the ESP removed and the other with both the ESP and HEPA removed. Each subject was measured for cardiopulmonary risk indicators once at baseline, twice during the intervention, and once 2 weeks after baseline conditions were restored. Measured indoor and outdoor PM and ozone concentrations, coupled with time-activity data, were used to calculate exposures. Removal of HEPA filters increased 24-hour mean PM exposure by 38 (95% CI: 31, 45) μg/m . Removal of ESPs decreased 24-hour mean ozone exposure by 2.2 (2.0, 2.5) ppb. No biomarkers were significantly associated with HEPA filter removal. In contrast, ESP removal was associated with a -16.1% (-21.5%, -10.4%) change in plasma-soluble P-selectin and a -3.0% (-5.1%, -0.8%) change in systolic blood pressure, suggesting reduced cardiovascular risks.

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“…Due to their size, proteins, including cytokines, are invariably present in low levels close to or under detection limit. Increased levels of reactive oxidative markers and eicosanoid mediators (8--isoprostane and leukotrienes) can be more readily and reproducibly measured [ 132,133 ].…”

Section: Exhaled Breath Condensate (Ebc)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Which Biomarkers Are Effective for Identifying Th2-Driven Inflammation in Asthma?

Diamant

Tufvesson

Bjermer

2013

Curr Allergy Asthma Rep

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Recognition of asthma as a heterogeneous disease revealed different potential molecular targets and urged the development of targeted, customized treatment modalities.Evidence was provided for different inflammatory subsets of asthma and more recently, further refined to T helper (Th)2--high and Th2--low subphenotypes with different responsiveness to standard and targeted pharmacotherapy. Given these differences in immunology and pathophysiology, proof of concept studies of novel treatment modalities for asthma should be performed in adequate, well--defined phenotypes. In this review, we describe both existing and novel biomarkers of Th2--inflammation in asthma that can be applied to classify asthma subphenotypes in clinical studies and for treatment monitoring.3

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Exhaled Breath Condensate: A Promising Source for Biomarkers of Lung Disease

Cited by 39 publications

References 67 publications

Breathprints of model murine bacterial lung infections are linked with immune response

Breathprints of model murine bacterial lung infections are linked with immune response

Combined use of an electrostatic precipitator and a high-efficiency particulate air filter in building ventilation systems: Effects on cardiorespiratory health indicators in healthy adults

Which Biomarkers Are Effective for Identifying Th2-Driven Inflammation in Asthma?

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