The gas-phase behaviour of organophosphorus compounds such as diethylmethylphosphonate towards electron impact (EI) ionization occurring in a quadrupole ion-trap instrument is investigated. If all ions observed in conventional EI mass spectra are detected, ion/molecule reactions are seen to occur leading to formation of protonated molecules and adduct ions such as 2Mf' and [2M + HI+. The keto-to-enol-like isomerization of the molecular M" ion seems to favour proton transfer to neutral M species and a "self chemical ionization" ion is observed with corresponding fragment ions.Concomitant formation of MH' and odd-electron M+' ions has been observed under electron impact conditions for various classes of compounds, organophosphorus esters for example. In particular, under G U M S conditions using a conventional electron impact (EI) ion source, the relative abundance of [ M + H ] + ions increases as the sample pressure rises.' The presence of heteroatoms such as oxygen or nitrogen in aliphatic molecules can favour this process called 'self ionization'. By using mass spectrometers that allow ion storage, such as ion-trap instruments and ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometers, 'self chemical ionization' is more easily observed since longer residence times result in ion/molecule collisions even at low sample pressures.2,"4,5Phosphonate compounds are characterized by an [M + l]+/(M+') ratio larger than that predicted for the natural isotopic ratio.6 For instance, diethylmethylphosphonate was characterized by a low abundance M+' ion (mlz 152) accompanied by a signal at m/z 153 (30% of M+*) (see Fig. 2). However, if all expected fragment ions observed in conventional EI mass spectra (and reported in library data) are detected, several experiments performed in ion-trap mass spectrometers show that the MH+ ion intensity depends on conditions of sample ion preparation and ion residence times in the instrument. This behaviour suggests that MH+ is produced by ion/molecule reactions between M+'(and/or fragment ions) and neutral molecules, M. Furthermore, adduct ions such as the dimeric [2M + HI+ species can be observed when concentrations or residence times are increased. In this preliminary study, the effect of the concentration and the storage time on the yield of MH+ ions is investigated and a mechanism of formation is discussed.