Exoelectronic emission of semiconductors

Mints, R. I.; Milman, I. I.; Kryuk, V. I.

doi:10.1070/pu1976v019n08abeh005287

Cited by 14 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…The authors of [71] and then of [72] considered as such a mechanism optically stimulated exoelectronic emission (OSEE). This is a special case of the so-called exoelectronic emission: the emission of electrons from the surface of a body upon preliminary excitation by external action [99]. In [71,72], it was assumed that such excitation could occur upon contact of the wall with the plasma of the previous discharge pulse-an assumption not supported by any justification.…”

Section: Initiation Of Breakdown By Visible Radiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electric Breakdown in Long Discharge Tubes at Low Pressure (Review)

Ionikh

2020

Plasma Phys. Rep.

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The review is devoted to studies of the processes and mechanisms of ignition of a glow discharge in tubes whose length significantly exceeds their diameter (long discharge tubes) at low pressures (~10 Torr and lower) and moderate voltage rise rates (~1 kV/μs and lower). The electric field in such tubes before a breakdown is substantially nonuniform. Therefore, a breakdown occurs after an ionization wave (or waves) passes through the discharge gap at a speed of ~105–107 cm/s. This makes the characteristics of the breakdown in long tubes significantly different from the breakdown between large and closely spaced electrodes, where the electric field is uniform before the breakdown and where the Townsend or, under strong overvoltage, streamer mechanism is realized. On the other hand, the nature of these processes is very different from those occurring in nanosecond discharges, which arise at voltages with a steepness of ~1 kV/ns and higher and are associated with high-speed (~109 cm/s) ionization waves. The review is based on the materials of experimental and computational works published from 1938 to 2020. Breakdown processes, optical and electrical characteristics of the discharge gap during breakdown, and the influence of the external circuit parameters and external actions (shielding and illumination by external sources of visible radiation) are analyzed.

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Section: Initiation Of Breakdown By Visible Radiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electric Breakdown in Long Discharge Tubes at Low Pressure (Review)

Ionikh

2020

Plasma Phys. Rep.

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“…Therefore, according to pure logic, CSEE has to exist in nature in any form. Extremely low amplitudes of emission currents are noted [33] : I E ≈10 -19 A. Therefore, the attention of researches was concentrated on mechanisms of exoemission intensification.…”

Section: Emission Problemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…First of all they write about the thermally and/or optically stimulated exoemission of electrons (TSEE, OSEE). After Mints RI [30] almost nobody acknowledges the possibility of Chemically Stimulated Exoemission of Electrons in a pure form (CSEE). There is no logic in such an incident, since we know a lot of chemical reactions in solids (SHS, etc.)…”

Section: Emission Problemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Actually, question about the CS emission nature has deeper roots closely attached to the question about the nature of chemically stimulated exoemission eclectrons if possible. [30] . Now researchers distinguish some, limited number of types of an electronic exoemission.…”

Section: Emission Problemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Another problem proceeds from our insufficient knowledge of exoemission: the energy of an emitted electron has to be below some threshold [30] . In accordance to quantum mechanics, the electron can get (tunnel) through a threshold barrier in the e-ISSN:2321-6212 p-ISSN:2347-2278 case of rather narrow width of the barrier only.…”

Section: Emission Problemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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To SHS Aspects other than those of Distributed Electrochemical Systems: From Current-Voltage Generators, Bio-cells, Batteries and Accumulators to Emission and Radiation Effects during SHS, etc

Ia¹

2016

Res. Rev. J Mat. Sci

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Recent Experimental and numerical studies on Combustion Synthesis of Sulfides (CSS) in combination with the current ElectronicTheory of a Solid Body (ETSB) lead us to the conclusion that the CSS chemical reactions are accompanied by electron transitions inside the sulfide valence zone, i.e., by transitions between the energy states of electrons localized in the valence zone. Such a conclusion only can explain the huge difference of energy of sulfur clusters affinity to an electron from the sulfur ionization potential which is available in literature. In addition to the interrelated aspects of CSS and ETSB, we have presented a small review of the existing literature on electrochemical sources of current and voltage (cells, accumulators). This review is devoted to distributed electrochemical systems and to a certain extent supplements some of the earlier reviews written (with the participation of the author) for the sources of electricity based on SHS solely. As the result, it has been made the conclusion about the advantage of the combustion based sources of electric current (Pyrotechnic Sources of Electric Current, PSEC) in comparison with the modern accumulators and bio-cells. The conditions of PSEC stable work were discussed. Incidentally, we have also considered a few works concerning materials synthesis and nanoparticles. Nanoparticles are extremely popular now. The authors of the articles concerning such exotic objects use often in their publications unreasonable approximations or/and unchecked facts. In our opinion, the readers have to realize, where and what conclusions of similar authors deviate from the reality or from the classical results received earlier. To prove a solvency and a coherence of new results and representations is the business of innovators themselves, not of others or us. We just reveal some of their frequent shortcomings here. The comparison of the SHS systems on the specific electric energies generated during the synthesis has been also carried out. The energies appear to depend strongly on the composition, green density and the sample electric resistance. We have shown that in the SHS Semiconductive Systems of a Loosed Density (SLD) the generated specific electric energy is comparably less than that of a fish slope. Therefore, we have suggested new non-system units based on the specific electric energy generated by a fish slope as a useful measure for the SLD generated electric energies. It has appeared that the greatest quantity of specific electric energy is emitted by the loosed mixture of titanium with its nitride. Nevertheless, we have calculated

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To synthesis of materials by combustion: CCSO and CSS data now available

Filimonov

Poletaev

2016

Current Opinion in Chemical Engineering

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Exoelectronic emission of semiconductors

Cited by 14 publications

References 1 publication

Electric Breakdown in Long Discharge Tubes at Low Pressure (Review)

Electric Breakdown in Long Discharge Tubes at Low Pressure (Review)

To SHS Aspects other than those of Distributed Electrochemical Systems: From Current-Voltage Generators, Bio-cells, Batteries and Accumulators to Emission and Radiation Effects during SHS, etc

To synthesis of materials by combustion: CCSO and CSS data now available

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