Exogenous mammalian sex hormones mitigate inhibition in growth by enhancing antioxidant activity and synthesis reactions in germinating maize seeds under salt stress

Abstract

Exogenous MSH application was found to have an important ameliorative effect on growth of seeds exposed to salt stress by stimulating antioxidant activity and synthesis reactions. This is the first study investigating the effects of MSH on germination of seeds exposed to stress conditions.

Lipoic acid mitigates oxidative stress and recovers metabolic distortions in salt‐stressed wheat seedlings by modulating ion homeostasis, the osmo‐regulator level and antioxidant system

“…Ion homeostasis and osmotic regulation play crucial roles in maintaining metabolic processes and cell turgidity . Changes in these parameters are important for determining the level of plant stress tolerance.…”

“…High salinity is among the most detrimental of abiotic stresses, and it causes serious dysfunction in many vital processes, from the structural changes in membranes to major metabolic reactions such as photosynthesis, protein synthesis, and energy metabolism . Many researchers have described in detail the morphological and metabolic changes arising from high salinity for a number of plant species during all growth and developmental stages, from germination through florescence . In addition, these studies revealed that plants have developed many defence strategies to tolerate the harmful effects of exposure to salt stress, including elevating the levels of osmo‐regulators such as proteins, carbohydrates and proline; activating the enzymatic and non‐enzymatic antioxidant systems; and maintaining ion homeostasis and the cellular redox status .…”

Proteomic analysis of salt‐responsive proteins in oat roots (Avena sativa L.)

“…Soil salinization is a serious problem in agriculture worldwide. Salinity is threatening about 20% of cultivated soil and 50% of irrigated land around the world . Several studies have been conducted to investigate the mechanism of plant response to salinity.…”

“…Salinity is threatening about 20% of cultivated soil and 50% of irrigated land around the world. 1,2 Several studies have been conducted to investigate the mechanism of plant response to salinity. Salinity imposes ion toxicity, decreases soil's osmotic potential and creates a water stress for plants.…”

Alleviation of Drought Stress in <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> by 17<i>β</i>-Estradiol Application

“…Despite the fact that MSHs act as endocrine disruptors in aquatic animals, a number of studies have demonstrated their beneficial effects on plants coping with abiotic stresses [3]- [9]. Progesterone, 17β-estradiol and androsterone applications mitigated the effects of salinity stress by enhancing germination rate, and root and shoot length in maize [6] and wheat seedlings [7]. The protective effect of MSHs has also been reported in the case of chilling and heavy metal stresses [8] [9].…”