Exosome-based drug delivery systems and their therapeutic applications

Lee, Jaewook; Lee, Ji-Heon; Chakraborty, Kushal; Hwang, Jung Yeon; Lee, Yong-Kyu

doi:10.1039/d2ra02351b

Cited by 46 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 111 publications

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“…In addition, the functional characteristics of exosomes is depending on their origin (Lee et al 2022 ). The use of tumor-derived exosomes to deliver therapeutic agents such as chemotherapeutic or anti-cancer agents or to develop vaccines for immunotherapy can be interesting from different aspects.…”

Section: Current Challenges In Exosome-based Therapiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exosome engineering in cell therapy and drug delivery

et al. 2023

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Cell-derived exosomes have opened new horizons in modern therapy for advanced drug delivery and therapeutic applications, due to their key features such as low immunogenicity, high physicochemical stability, capacity to penetrate into tissues, and the innate capacity to communicate with other cells over long distances. Exosome-based liquid biopsy has been potentially used for the diagnosis and prognosis of a range of disorders. Exosomes deliver therapeutic agents, including immunological modulators, therapeutic drugs, and antisense oligonucleotides to certain targets, and can be used as vaccines, though their clinical application is still far from reality. Producing exosomes on a large-scale is restricted to their low circulation lifetime, weak targeting capacity, and inappropriate controls, which need to be refined before being implemented in practice. Several bioengineering methods have been used for refining therapeutic applications of exosomes and promoting their effectiveness, on the one hand, and addressing the existing challenges, on the other. In the short run, new diagnostic platforms and emerging therapeutic strategies will further develop exosome engineering and therapeutic potential. This requires a thorough analysis of exosome engineering approaches along with their merits and drawbacks, as outlined in this paper. The present study is a comprehensive review of novel techniques for exosome development in terms of circulation time in the body, targeting capacity, and higher drug loading/delivery efficacies.

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Section: Current Challenges In Exosome-based Therapiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exosome engineering in cell therapy and drug delivery

et al. 2023

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“…Physical loading methods including electroporation, ultrasound and extrusion have also been widely applied to load drugs ( 125 ). Electroporation is a strategy that drugs are instantaneously loaded into Exos under an electrical impulse ( 126 ).…”

Section: Exos As Drug Delivery Carrier For Cancer Immunotherapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Exosomes as smart drug delivery vehicles for cancer immunotherapy

et al. 2023

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Exosomes (Exos) as drug delivery vehicles have been widely used for cancer immunotherapy owing to their good biocompatibility, low toxicity, and low immunogenicity. Some Exos-based cancer immunotherapy strategies such as tuning of immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, immune checkpoint blockades, and cancer vaccines have also been investigated in recent years, which all showed excellent therapeutic effects for malignant tumor. Furthermore, some Exos-based drug delivery systems (DDSs) for cancer immunotherapy have also undergone clinic trails, indicating that Exos are a promising drug delivery carrier. In this review, in order to promote the development of Exos-based DDSs in cancer immunotherapy, the biogenesis and composition of Exos, and Exos as drug delivery vehicles for cancer immunotherapy are summarized. Meanwhile, their clinical translation and challenges are also discussed. We hope this review will provide a good guidance for Exos as drug delivery vehicles for cancer immunotherapy.

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“…To expand on exosomes, exosomes as a cell-derived nano-delivery vehicle have received increasing focus owing to their diverse origins and a range of functionality. 78 For example, Unciti-Broceta and co-workers designed a mild chemical approach to in situ directly synthesize Pd nanosheets inside A549 cancer cell-derived exosomes (Pd-Exo A549 ) through using carbon monoxide (CO) as a gaseous reductant, while not affecting the integrity and functionality of exosomes. A series of experimental results revealed that the Pd nanosheets were successfully synthesized within the exosomes with an average Pd content of 0.64 μg per μg of Pd-Exo A549 protein, and the membrane proteins of the exosomes remained intact.…”

Section: The Development Of Tmc-based Bioorthogonal Nanozymesmentioning

confidence: 99%