Exosome-based strategies for diagnosis and therapy of glioma cancer

Fath, Mohsen Karami; Azami, Jalil; Masoudi, Alireza; Heris, Reza Mosaddeghi; Rahmani, Elnaz; Alavi, Fatemeh; Bahrami, Armina Alagheband; Payandeh, Zahra; Khalesi, Bahman; Dadkhah, Masoomeh; Pourzardosht, Navid; Tarhriz, Vahideh

doi:10.1186/s12935-022-02642-7

Cited by 26 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 237 publications

(206 reference statements)

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“…Another challenge is the potential for off-target effects, as exosomes can be taken up by cells other than the intended target cells. 113 , 114 Furthermore, the heterogeneity of exosomes derived from different cell types can make it difficult to compare and interpret results from different studies.…”

Section: Cell-based Nanoparticle Drug Delivery Strategies For Overcom...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanoparticle-Based Combinational Strategies for Overcoming the Blood-Brain Barrier and Blood-Tumor Barrier

Lim,

Yee,

Khang

2024

IJN

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The blood-brain barrier (BBB) and blood-tumor barrier (BTB) pose substantial challenges to efficacious drug delivery for glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), a primary brain tumor with poor prognosis. Nanoparticle-based combinational strategies have emerged as promising modalities to overcome these barriers and enhance drug penetration into the brain parenchyma. This review discusses various nanoparticle-based combinatorial approaches that combine nanoparticles with cell-based drug delivery, viral drug delivery, focused ultrasound, magnetic field, and intranasal drug delivery to enhance drug permeability across the BBB and BTB. Cell-based drug delivery involves using engineered cells as carriers for nanoparticles, taking advantage of their intrinsic migratory and homing capabilities to facilitate the transport of therapeutic payloads across BBB and BTB. Viral drug delivery uses engineered viral vectors to deliver therapeutic genes or payloads to specific cells within the GBM microenvironment. Focused ultrasound, coupled with microbubbles or nanoparticles, can temporarily disrupt the BBB to increase drug permeability. Magnetic field-guided drug delivery exploits magnetic nanoparticles to facilitate targeted drug delivery under an external magnetic field. Intranasal drug delivery offers a minimally invasive avenue to bypass the BBB and deliver therapeutic agents directly to the brain via olfactory and trigeminal pathways. By combining these strategies, synergistic effects can enhance drug delivery efficiency, improve therapeutic efficacy, and reduce off-target effects. Future research should focus on optimizing nanoparticle design, exploring new combination strategies, and advancing preclinical and clinical investigations to promote the translation of nanoparticle-based combination therapies for GBM.

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Section: Cell-based Nanoparticle Drug Delivery Strategies For Overcom...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanoparticle-Based Combinational Strategies for Overcoming the Blood-Brain Barrier and Blood-Tumor Barrier

Lim,

Yee,

Khang

2024

IJN

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“…For instance, exosomes containing significantly high MCT1 and CD147 indicate malignant glioma progression [ 73 ]. What’s more, exosome-derived miRNAs, the ample and fundamental biomolecules mediating intercellular communication, play essential roles in immunosuppression, induction, intrusion, metastasis, and treatment unresponsiveness of tumors [ 74 ]. The serum exosomal EGFRvIII mRNA of glioblastoma patients could be used to provide sufficient diagnostic information [ 55 ].…”

Section: Potential Exosome-based Strategies In Tumormentioning

confidence: 99%

Exosome-based nanoimmunotherapy targeting TAMs, a promising strategy for glioma

et al. 2023

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Exosomes, the cell-derived small extracellular vehicles, play a vital role in intracellular communication by reciprocally transporting DNA, RNA, bioactive protein, chains of glucose, and metabolites. With great potential to be developed as targeted drug carriers, cancer vaccines and noninvasive biomarkers for diagnosis, treatment response evaluation, prognosis prediction, exosomes show extensive advantages of relatively high drug loading capacity, adjustable therapeutic agents release, enhanced permeation and retention effect, striking biodegradability, excellent biocompatibility, low toxicity, etc. With the rapid progression of basic exosome research, exosome-based therapeutics are gaining increasing attention in recent years. Glioma, the standard primary central nervous system (CNS) tumor, is still up against significant challenges as current traditional therapies of surgery resection combined with radiotherapy and chemotherapy and numerous efforts into new drugs showed little clinical curative effect. The emerging immunotherapy strategy presents convincing results in many tumors and is driving researchers to exert its potential in glioma. As the crucial component of the glioma microenvironment, tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) significantly contribute to the immunosuppressive microenvironment and strongly influence glioma progression via various signaling molecules, simultaneously providing new insight into therapeutic strategies. Exosomes would substantially assist the TAMs-centered treatment as drug delivery vehicles and liquid biopsy biomarkers. Here we review the current potential exosome-mediated immunotherapeutics targeting TAMs in glioma and conclude the recent investigation on the fundamental mechanisms of diversiform molecular signaling events by TAMs that promote glioma progression.

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“…TILs are the main antitumor cells, but in glioma, the existence of the blood–brain barrier causes difficulties in the recruitment of T cells. Not only the number of TILs is low but also the presence of receptors such as PD‐1 and CTLA4 on TILs can inhibit their antitumor effects after binding to ligands such as PD‐L1 and CD86 on tumor cells 23 . And nowadays, the application of immune checkpoint locus inhibitors can help restore the function of killer T cells within the tumor, which in turn can perform tumor‐killing function.…”

Section: The Overview Of Glioma Tumor Immune Microenvironmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in research on immune escape mechanism of glioma

Guo

Wang

2023

CNS Neurosci Ther

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Background Glioma is the most common primary intracranial malignancy in clinical practice, and in particular, IDH‐wildtype glioblastoma has the worst prognosis. In recent years, surgical resection combined with simultaneous radiotherapy and immune checkpoint inhibitors has made some progress, but the efficacy is still not satisfactory, which may be related to the low immunogenicity of glioma cells and the tumor immunosuppressive microenvironment. Methods A comprehensive review of relevant literature was conducted to explore the mechanisms by which tumors suppress antitumor immune responses and produce escape, with a focus on the immune cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Results The mechanisms involved in immune evasion of glioma cells are complex and involve with immune cell differentiation and function. Conclusion Our review emphasizes the need for a more profound comprehension of the mechanisms involved in immune response and immune evasion in glioma, to formulate more efficacious treatment modalities.

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Exosome-based strategies for diagnosis and therapy of glioma cancer

Cited by 26 publications

References 237 publications

Nanoparticle-Based Combinational Strategies for Overcoming the Blood-Brain Barrier and Blood-Tumor Barrier

Nanoparticle-Based Combinational Strategies for Overcoming the Blood-Brain Barrier and Blood-Tumor Barrier

Exosome-based nanoimmunotherapy targeting TAMs, a promising strategy for glioma

Advances in research on immune escape mechanism of glioma

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