Exosomes: novel effectors of human platelet lysate activity

Torreggiani, Elena; Perut, Francesca; Roncuzzi, Laura; Zini, Nicoletta; Baglio, S. Rubina; Baldini, Nicola

doi:10.22203/ecm.v028a11

Cited by 167 publications

(211 citation statements)

References 113 publications

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“…Recently, it has been suggested that besides growth factors, extracellular vesicles (EVs), including exosomes and microvesicles, may play a major role in cell-to-cell communication 19. PRP activity might also be due to the efficient intercellular communication of bioactive molecules, mediated by nanosized vesicles, identified as exosomes 17. Based on these considerations, the aim of this study was to investigate whether exosomes can be considered as effectors of PRP functions and to identify their related molecular mechanisms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Besides these growth factors, stimulation of platelets also causes them to secrete a number of extracellular vesicles, including exosomes (40 to 100 nm in diameter) 17. In recent years, much interest has been devoted to exosomes 18, which act as carriers of bioactive proteins, mRNAs, and microRNAs 19 and are increasingly regarded as playing crucial roles in cell-cell 20 and platelet-cell communications 21.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In 2014, Torreggiani et al . 17 isolated exosomes from PRP, and demonstrated their potential beneficial effect on the proliferation, migration, and osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs (bone mesenchymal stem cells). This was the first report describing the role of exosomes derived from platelets in tissue regeneration.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exosomes derived from platelet-rich plasma promote the re-epithelization of chronic cutaneous wounds via activation of YAP in a diabetic rat model

Guo¹,

Tao²,

Yin³

et al. 2017

Theranostics

379

339

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Chronic wounds have become an economic, social, and public health burden and need advanced treatment. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has been used extensively in treatment of chronic wounds because it contains an abundance of growth factors secreted by platelets. The exosomes derived from PRP (PRP-Exos) have been proven to encapsulate principal growth factors from platelets. This study is the first to show that these exosomes may exert the function of PRP. PRP-Exos can effectively induce proliferation and migration of endothelial cells and fibroblasts to improve angiogenesis and re-epithelialization in chronic wounds. We regulated YAP to verify the PRP-Exos-dependent effect on fibroblast proliferation and migration through YAP activation. In vivo, we observed the cutaneous healing process in chronic wounds treated with PRP-Exos in a diabetic rat model. We provide evidence of the probable molecular mechanisms underlying the PRP effect on healing of chronic ulcers and describe a promising resource of growth factors from exosomes without species restriction.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exosomes derived from platelet-rich plasma promote the re-epithelization of chronic cutaneous wounds via activation of YAP in a diabetic rat model

Guo¹,

Tao²,

Yin³

et al. 2017

Theranostics

379

339

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…High levels of these growth factors and small RNAs have also been found in exosomes in PL. Exosomes might therefore play an important role in the effect of PL and represent a delivery system for cell-free therapy strategies [11]. Jalowiec et al [8] showed that there is a positive correlation between the platelet concentration in thrombin activated platelet gel and the protein secretion and observed the highest release of growth factors within the first 4 h after gelification.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Platelet-Rich Plasma in Tissue Engineering: Hype and Hope

Lang

Loibl²,

Herrmann³

2018

Eur Surg Res

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Background: Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) refers to an enriched platelet suspension in plasma. In addition to the clinical application of PRP in the context of various orthopedic diseases and beyond, PRP and platelet lysate (PL) have been in focus in the field of tissue engineering. In this review, we discuss the application of PRP as a cell culture supplement and as part of tissue engineering strategies, particularly emphasizing current hurdles and ambiguities regarding the efficacy of PRP in these approaches. Summary: As a putative autologous replacement for animal-derived supplements such as fetal calf serum (FCS), PRP has been applied as cell culture supplement for the expansion of stem and progenitor cells for tissue engineering applications and cell therapies. Attributed to the high content of growth factors in platelets, PRP has been shown to promote cell growth, which was mostly superior to standard cultures supplemented with FCS, while the differentiation capacity of progenitor cells seems not to be affected. However, it was also suggested that cultivation of cells with PRP significantly alters the protein expression profile in cells in comparison to FCS, indicating that the influence of PRP on cell behavior should be thoroughly investigated. Moreover, different PRP preparation methods and donor variations have to be considered for the use of PRP under good manufacturing practice conditions. PRP has been used for various tissue engineering applications in the context of bone, cartilage, skin, and soft tissue repair, where most studies were conducted in the field of bone tissue engineering. These approaches take either advantage of the release of chemoattractive, angiogenic, proliferative, and putatively pro-regenerative growth factors from PRP, and/or the hydrogel properties of activated PRP, making it suitable as a cell delivery vehicle. In many of these studies, PRP is combined with biomaterials, cells, and in some cases recombinant growth factors. Although the experimental design often does not allow conclusions on the pro-regenerative effect of PRP itself, most publications report beneficial effects if PRP is added to the tissue-engineered construct. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that the release of growth factors from PRP may be tailored and controlled when PRP is combined with materials able to capture growth factors. Key Messages: Platelet-derived preparations such as PRP and PL represent a promising source of autologous growth factors, which may be applied as cell culture supplement or to promote regeneration in tissue-engineered constructs. Furthermore, activated PRP is a promising candidate as an autologous cell carrier. However, the studies investigating PRP in these contexts often show conflicting results, which most likely can be attributed to the lack of standardized preparation methods, particularly with regard to the platelet content and donor variation of PRP. Ultimately, the use of PRP has to be tailored for the individual application.

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“…They are nanovesicles secreted by PBMC with bioactive lipid bilayer. Its functions vary according to their origin and type of expressed protein [51]. In general, exosomes are derived from B lymphocytes that present MHC complex molecules, and they are able to present antigens to CD4 + T lymphocytes.…”

Section: Contributions For Classification Of Prp -Proposal Of a New Cmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contributions for Classification of Platelet Rich Plasma – Proposal of a New Classification: MARSPILL

Lana¹,

et al. 2017

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Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has emerged as a significant therapy used in medical conditions with heterogeneous results. There are some important classifications to try to standardize the PRP procedure. The aim of this report is to describe PRP contents studying celular and molecular components, and also propose a new classification for PRP. The main focus is on mononuclear cells, which comprise progenitor cells and monocytes. In addition, there are important variables related to PRP application incorporated in this study, which are the harvest method, activation, red blood cells, number of spins, image guidance, leukocytes number and light activation. The other focus is the discussion about progenitor cells presence on peripherial blood which are interesting due to neovasculogenesis and proliferation. The function of monocytes (in tissue-macrophages) are discussed here and also its plasticity, a potential property for regenerative medicine treatments.

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Exosomes: novel effectors of human platelet lysate activity

Cited by 167 publications

References 113 publications

Exosomes derived from platelet-rich plasma promote the re-epithelization of chronic cutaneous wounds via activation of YAP in a diabetic rat model

Exosomes derived from platelet-rich plasma promote the re-epithelization of chronic cutaneous wounds via activation of YAP in a diabetic rat model

Platelet-Rich Plasma in Tissue Engineering: Hype and Hope

Contributions for Classification of Platelet Rich Plasma – Proposal of a New Classification: MARSPILL

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