Four examples of novel aromatic [22]vacatadithiasapphyrins
were
synthesized by refluxing appropriate [22]telluradithiasapphyrins in
1,2-dichlorobenzene in the presence of excess HCl followed by simple
column chromatographic purification. The [22]vacatadithiasapphyrins
can exist in three conformers “in”, “out”,
and “zigzag” w.r.t the butadiene moiety, and under our
experimental conditions, the “out” conformer was the
major compound. The X-ray structure obtained for one of the “out”
conformers of vacatadithiasapphyrins revealed that the macrocycle
was planar similar to its parent telluradithiasapphyrin and showed
effective π-delocalization over the entire macrocyclic core.
NMR studies supported the formation of the “out” conformer
and suggested that the vacatadithiasapphyrins were less aromatic than
the parent telluradithiasapphyrins. Density functional theory, time-dependent
DFT, and nuclear independent chemical shift studies indicated that
the protonated form of vacatadithiasapphyrin was more aromatic than
the parent protonated telluradithiasapphyrin. The absorption spectra
of vacatadithiasapphyrins showed a typical strong Soret band at ∼488
nm and four relatively broad Q-bands in the region of 590–860
nm, and electrochemical studies suggest that vacatadithiasapphyrins
were easier to oxidize and easier to reduce compared to the parent
telluradithiasapphyrins.