Expander design procedures and selection criterion for small rated organic rankine cycle systems

Capata, Roberto; Pantano, Fabio

doi:10.1002/ese3.710

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…rough estimate for the internal efficiency might be given based on the expanders' type, size, and geometry, but the exact value has to be determined for every application specifically. 41,42 7.1 | Case 1-cryogenic source First, the working fluid selection for an ORC installed on a cryogenic cycle is shown with T L = 193 K = −80°C and T U = 300 = 27°C for maximal (upper) and minimal (lower) expansion temperatures. The lower temperature limit might be reached when utilizing the "cold energy" from an LNG regasification process, where temperatures can be as low as −162°C.…”

Section: Case Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It should also be noted that expander efficiency is influenced not only by the expander's type, size, and geometry but also by the working fluid and the external conditions (mainly the temperature range). Therefore, a rough estimate for the internal efficiency might be given based on the expanders' type, size, and geometry, but the exact value has to be determined for every application specifically 41,42 …”

Section: Case Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Simultaneous working fluid and expander selection method for reaching low‐threshold technology organic Rankine cycle (ORC) design

Groniewsky

Kustán

Imre

2023

Energy Science & Engineering

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Maximizing the utilization of an available source serves as the ideal approach, provided that only technical factors are considered. For sources with low heat flux, however, cost‐effective solutions are more suitable due to the minimal net power generated, regardless of the effectiveness of the energy conversion. In such cases, utilizing low‐threshold technology may be the most fitting solution, the layout of these cycles should be simple and inexpensive. In the case of organic Rankine cycles (ORCs)‐based power cycles, this means the omission of superheaters or recuperative heat exchangers and the use of simple expanders and small heat exchangers. Simplifying the design, however, requires additional considerations about the elementary steps of the cycle. This work presents a procedure to select favorable working fluids for ORC while considering the expander's internal efficiency. The criteria for favourability is to have a nonideal expansion process starting and ending in (or very near) saturated vapor states to avoid problems related to wetness/dryness between the given maximal and minimal expansion temperatures. It is demonstrated that the design can be simplified under the simultaneous working fluid and expander selection method presented in this study, regardless of the type and isentropic efficiency of the expander. The resulting methodology applies the novel classification of working fluids using the sequences of their characteristic points on temperature‐entropy space. The proposed approach is illustrated with a case study finding optimal working fluid for an ORC system fitted to industrial waste heat, a low‐temperature geothermal, and a cryogenic heat source.

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Section: Case Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Case Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simultaneous working fluid and expander selection method for reaching low‐threshold technology organic Rankine cycle (ORC) design

Groniewsky

Kustán

Imre

2023

Energy Science & Engineering

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“…The current state of research focuses on the advisability of using a helical evaporator [36] for the ORC plant. For the study of the expander we will follow the procedure described in previous papers [31][32][33][34][35][36][37], trying to define the more efficient device. Only the condenser is under evaluation.…”

Section: The Bottoming Orc Cyclementioning

confidence: 99%

Mild Hybrid Multi-Energy Systems: Waste Energy Recovery by Bottom ORC System

Capata

2023

36th International Conference on Efficiency, Cost, Optimization, Simulation and Environmental Impact of Energy Systems (ECOS 20

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The goal of this paper is to evaluate, from a thermodynamic point of view first, and then constructive one, the possibility of inserting a waste heat recovery system in a hybrid vehicle in mild-hybrid configuration. The vehicle considered is a standard 1000 cc gasoline turbocharged ICE. The characteristic and proposed configuration of the vehicle allows to mechanically separate the existing turbo-compressor unit and to couple them with the respective electrical devices: electric motor and generator. This new architecture enables an electrical generation that can be used to recharge the installed battery package. Moreover, thanks to the new configuration of the turbine of the group, i.e. without the wastegate valve, the turbomachinery provides a high gas flow rate at high temperature (about 380 °C). These exhaust gases can be used for a bottom ORC group, with additional electricity generation. All these considerations permit to have an extra on-board recharge of the batteries, to consequently increase the electric range of the vehicle (a sort of range extender) and to install a battery group of limited size and power, with consequent advantages of payload and vehicle efficiency. Besides, it allows to achieve the well know and inflated aspects (from a citation point of view) of the emissions reduction.

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“…However, JT valve can only be operated at low gas rates and has a high pressure drop that requires sales gas compressor with external electricity from power plant (Mokhatab et al 2015;Noaman and Ebrahiem 2021). On the other hand, turboexpander method can generate electricity from gas expansion process and achieve low hydrocarbon dew point but the dehydration unit was compulsory to prevent hydrate formation (Capata and Pantano 2020;Chekardovskiy et al 2016;Mutiara et al 2016). Combination between JT valve and turboexpander to obtain desired gas dew point is an attractive approach.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heavy hydrocarbon recovery with integration of turboexpander and JT valve from highly CO2-containing natural gas for gas transmission pipeline

Yusupandi,

Widiatmoko,

Sukmana

et al. 2023

jrekpros

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Demand of natural gas is predicted to increase since many valuable products can be produced. Water and heavy hydrocarbon content are the key for gas pipeline facility. To meet requirement of natural gas transportation, dehydration unit (DHU) and hydrocarbon dew point control unit (DPCU) are necessary to avoid water and hydrocarbon condensation during transmission. The conventional dehydration technology, TEG contactor, can lower water content from 1,304 mg/m3 to 80.35 mg/m3 where the maximum limit of water content in natural gas is 97 mg/m3 to prevent hydrate formation. DPCU is installed to remove heavy hydrocarbon, especially C5+. Integration of JT valve and turboexpander was employed to obtain the low gas dew point. The hot gas stream that entered the JT valve was observed. The lower hot bypass gas was applied, the lower hydrocarbon dew point and the more condensate flowrate was achieved. The highest power generation can be gained at low hot gas flow ratio which also influenced the exit pressure and temperature of compressor. In pipeline simulation, the pressure and temperature drop occurred at the high hot gas rate. To examine the arrival condition, dew point curves were generated and showed that the limitation of hot gas flow ratio has to be below 0.6 to prevent heavy hydrocarbon condensation in pipeline.

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Expander design procedures and selection criterion for small rated organic rankine cycle systems

Cited by 8 publications

References 24 publications

Simultaneous working fluid and expander selection method for reaching low‐threshold technology organic Rankine cycle (ORC) design

Simultaneous working fluid and expander selection method for reaching low‐threshold technology organic Rankine cycle (ORC) design

Mild Hybrid Multi-Energy Systems: Waste Energy Recovery by Bottom ORC System

Heavy hydrocarbon recovery with integration of turboexpander and JT valve from highly CO2-containing natural gas for gas transmission pipeline

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