Expanding the Scope of Nanobiocatalysis and Nanosensing: Applications of Nanomaterial Constructs

Abstract

The synergistic interaction between advanced biotechnology and nanotechnology has allowed the development of innovative nanomaterials. Those nanomaterials can conveniently act as supports for enzymes to be employed as nanobiocatalysts and nanosensing constructs. These systems generate a great capacity to improve the biocatalytic potential of enzymes by improving their stability, efficiency, and product yield, as well as facilitating their purification and reuse for various bioprocessing operating cycles. The different specific physicochemical characteristics and the supramolecular nature of the nanocarriers obtained from different economical and abundant sources have allowed the continuous development of functional nanostructures for different industries such as food and agriculture. The remarkable biotechnological potential of nanobiocatalysts and nanosensors has generated applied research and use in different areas such as biofuels, medical diagnosis, medical therapies, environmental bioremediation, and the food industry. The objective of this work is to present the different manufacturing strategies of nanomaterials with various advantages in biocatalysis and nanosensing of various compounds in the industry, providing great benefits to society and the environment.

Carbon-based materials: adsorptive removal of antibiotics from water

“…Using a single treatment method to remove pollutants is not the best action. Adsorption is only one example of a phase-change process that only temporarily solves the issue since it produces a concentrated phase [18] . Exploring how to incorporate different strategies to maximize the outcome is crucial.…”

“…Under this premise, various approaches have emerged to remove this contamination. Among those, carbon materials are becoming a promising substitute for the current lacking technology as they present good stability, tunability, and physio-chemical properties [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24] . Moreover, the adsorption method is one of the most appealing approaches due to its simple operation, high efficiency, cost-effectiveness, and low environmental impact [25] .…”

Nanofood Process Technology: Insights on How Sustainability Informs Process Design

“…The production of nanofoods uses operations common to nanotechnology in other industries, as well as operations from the food industry including the selection of raw materials, design of product(s) for new markets, structural analyses, and promotion of safety. − Such emerging technologies, however, face the challenge of the need to replace or supplement well-known and well-defined conventional technologies. A driver for their acceptance is the design new food process technologies with enhanced sustainability.…”

Nanomaterial Constructs for Catalytic Applications in Biomedicine: Nanobiocatalysts and Nanozymes

“…Nanotechnology has played a fundamental role in the development of many industry sectors and science. The importance of nanomaterials -which are described as materials with at least one dimension below 100 nm-is based on their unique structural, chemical, optical, and mechanical properties [1]. In this manner, nanomaterials have offered great opportunities in different fields including energy, environmental science, food safety, transportation, electronics, and medicine [2].…”

“…Nanobiocatalysts have emerged due to the innovative interaction between nanotechnology and biotechnology [1,5]. This synergistic interaction occurs due to the superior physicochemical properties of nanomaterials and the remarkable catalytic activity of enzymes.…”