Expanding Women's Choices through Employment? Community-Based Natural Resource Management and Women's Empowerment in Kwandu Conservancy, Namibia

Khumalo, Kathryn E.; Freimund, Wayne

doi:10.1080/08941920.2014.905893

Cited by 10 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…While employment can help women resist respectability discourse, employment does not have a simple, direct relationship to empowerment. Employment can exacerbate tensions between community members and expose women to workplace discrimination; plus, female employees do not necessarily control how their earnings are used (Khumalo & Freimund, 2014).…”

Section: Opportunities For Resisting and Redefining Respectabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Who is a “real woman”? Empowerment and the discourse of respectability in Namibia's Zambezi region

Khumalo

McKay

Freimund

2015

Women's Studies International Forum

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Section: Opportunities For Resisting and Redefining Respectabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We selected Namibia as part of a larger study on women's empowerment and community-based conservation (Khumalo, 2012;Khumalo & Freimund, 2014). Namibia's Communitybased Natural Resource Management (CBNRM) Program is regarded as one of world's most successful community-based conservation programs (USAID, 2013).…”

Section: Contextualizing the Study Sitementioning

confidence: 99%

Who is a “real woman”? Empowerment and the discourse of respectability in Namibia's Zambezi region

Khumalo

McKay

Freimund

2015

Women's Studies International Forum

Self Cite

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“…In particular, recent work in this vein demonstrates that even while women continue to struggle for equal access to resources and decision-making, even relatively small opportunities to participate more actively in development processes can yield empowerment (Goldman and Little 2015). While many CBNRM projects have had mixed results for women (Khumalo and Freimund 2014), this does not mean that CBNRM is the only filter through which to understand women's use of and access to natural resources -even in areas where CBNRM has proliferated.…”

Section: Craft In the Context Of Community-based Conservationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This approach foregrounds women's perspectives of how use of, and access to weaving materials has changed over time. Recent studies of women's empowerment, for example, foreground the importance of diversified livelihood options (often tied to natural resources) (Khumalo and Freimund 2014), as well as the importance of recognizing that multiple forms of access to knowledge and resources may be even more important than formal control of them (Goldman and Little 2015). Previous work with women who weave often reflects a dire discourse of change, that predicts basketmaking to be on an unsustainable course.…”

Section: -Resident Of Etsha 9 2013mentioning

confidence: 99%

Weaving a living: gender, craft, and sustainable resource use in Botswana

DeMotts

2017

Journal of Political Ecology

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Botswana baskets are both an emblematic cultural symbol and a popular tourist souvenir, made by women from natural materials and reflecting gendered experiences of work, creativity, and resource use. The expansion of their production for sale over the past 30 years has often led to concerns about strain on the natural resources used for weaving, but more recently, the ways in which women talk about how they access these materials has changed. Rather than framing resources as scarce and under threat from poor harvesting practices, increasing numbers of women describe shifts in use practices that reflect growing awareness of the need to protect and cultivate plants such as hyphaene petersiana, or mokola palm. This change reflects the importance of rethinking what constitutes community-based natural resource management to include not only formalized trusts, but informal networks through which women harvest and use forest resources. It also highlights the insights of political ecology in considering the ways in which power impacts natural resource use, while emphasizing the need to expand notions of knowledge to become more inclusive and grounded. Key Words: Gender, political ecology, community-based conservation, Botswana, craft RésuméLes paniers du Botswana sont à la fois un symbole culturel emblématique, et un souvenir touristique populaire. Elles sont faites par des femmes à partir de matériaux naturels et incarnent le genre par le travail, la créativité et l'utilisation des ressources. L'expansion de leur production sur le marché au cours des 30 dernières années a souvent suscité des inquiétudes quant à la pression sur les ressources naturelles utilisées pour le tissage. Mais plus récemment, les façons dont les femmes parlent de leur accès à ces matériaux ont changé. Ils disaient que les ressources étaient rares et menacées par de mauvaises pratiques de récolte. Aujourd'hui, beaucoup de femmes sont plus conscientes de la nécessité de protéger et de cultiver des plantes telles que hyphaene petersiana, ou mokola. Cela se reflète dans leurs pratiques. Ce changement illustre l'importance de repenser la gestion communautaire des ressources naturelles pour y inclure non seulement les fiducies formalisées, mais aussi les réseaux informels. Grâce à elles, les femmes récoltent et utilisent les ressources forestières. L'article met également en évidence les points de vue de l'écologie politique en examinant les façons dont le pouvoir a un impact sur l'utilisation des ressources naturelles, tout en soulignant la nécessité d'élargir les notions de connaissances pour qu'elles deviennent plus inclusives et ancrées. Mots clés: Genre, écologie politique, conservation communautaire, Botswana, artisanat ResumenLas canastas de Botswana hechas con materiales naturales, son emblemáticos símbolos culturales y populares recuerdos turísticos fabricados por mujeres, los cuales reflejan experiencias laborales de género, creatividad y uso de recursos. La expansión de la producción y venta por los últimos 30 años ha generado preoc...

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“…Whether internal or external forces are at work, all agree that the process of empowerment begins from a perceived perception of disadvantage (Carr, 2003;Freire, 1970;Solomon, 1976). Khumalo and Freimund (2014) assert that power can only come to fruition by the consequential actions of the ability to make a choice. It follows that the perceived inability to make a choice due to lack of resources or opportunities (Conger & Kanungo, 1988) and the incapacity of choice due to formal laws or social norms (Bullough, Kroeck, Newburry, Kundu, & Lowe, 2012) result in powerlessness and oppression.…”

Section: Theoretical Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

From the apron to the cape : examining the experiences of women who rise to leadership positions on Wall Street

Sampieri¹

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Historically, women in leadership positions at top Wall Street firms had to overcome much adversity to advance within a predominantly male-dominated culture. Wall Street, also known as the old boy's club, principally catered to White males. Women that tried to operate within this old boy's network were particularly harassed and discriminated against. Beginning around the late 1970s and early 1980s, women who entered top Wall Street firms found positions as receptionists, secretaries, assistants, and low-level administrators. As women struggled to advance up the corporate ladder, they were confronted by much resistance from the hierarchical male-dominated culture. Some women quit and filed lawsuits, while the women who stayed were determined to overcome gender-bias to rise to leadership positions. Their perceptions and understanding of their organizational setting generated new ideas of women in leadership; they shared knowledge, told their stories, and inspired one another. This research study examined the experiences women in the financial industry encountered on their pathways to becoming leaders in a male-dominated culture. This dissertation presents a narrative study on a group of women in leadership positions within the financial industry conversing about their pathways into leadership, learning about their motivating factors, and discovering how they became change agents in leadership.

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Expanding Women's Choices through Employment? Community-Based Natural Resource Management and Women's Empowerment in Kwandu Conservancy, Namibia

Cited by 10 publications

References 44 publications

Who is a “real woman”? Empowerment and the discourse of respectability in Namibia's Zambezi region

Who is a “real woman”? Empowerment and the discourse of respectability in Namibia's Zambezi region

Weaving a living: gender, craft, and sustainable resource use in Botswana

From the apron to the cape : examining the experiences of women who rise to leadership positions on Wall Street

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