Expansion of Concrete through Reaction between Cement and Aggregate

Stanton, T E

doi:10.1061/taceat.0005540

Cited by 170 publications

(94 citation statements)

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“…In the observed samples the sole harmful component is the high silica content in varied forms. However, its high concentration anticipates the possibility of the pessimum behavior (Stanton 1940;Hobbs 1988) without the danger of ASR processes. In addition, ASR assessment needs to consider the cumulative amount of coarse and fine aggregates, in order to evaluate the behavior of the material.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Another aspect of microscopic petrographic investigations was the evaluation of potentially alkali-silica reactive (ASR) aggregates. The chemical process is described in the literature (Stanton 1940;Swamy 1992;Brivot 1992, 1993;Fournier and Bérubé 2000), and in addition to the physical and chemical tests, the petrographic examination of aggregates is a basic method to predict the potential reactivity (e.g. West 1994;Ramachandran and Beaudoin 2000;Ahmad et al 2018;Šachlová et al 2016, 2017.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…From the range of different deleterious chemical reactions, alkali silica reactivity of aggregates is among the most widely studied (Fernandes and Broekmans 2013). This chemical reaction takes place between the alkalis of the pore solutions (cement paste) and certain forms of silica in the aggregates inside the concrete (Stanton 1940;Swamy 1992;Brivot 1992, 1993;Fournier and Bérubé 2000). Volumetric expansion due to the formation of alkali silica gel presents a harmful process influencing the integrity of concrete structure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Oligomictic alluvial aggregates: petro-mineralogical and geochemical evaluation of sandy gravel formations on the middle course of the Danube (Hungary)

Szilágyi

Gméling

Józsa

et al. 2021

Bull Eng Geol Environ

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This paper evaluates the applicability of Hungarian oligomictic alluvial gravel formations at two sections of the Danube river for construction use. The classification of these aggregates is more challenging than monomictic rock aggregates due to their heterogeneous nature. Multi-source clastic sediments cannot be characterized by single values of physical properties but only a distribution, and they are generally less predictable than monomictic materials. The possible applications in concrete manufacturing were evaluated by complex macro-microscopic petrographic, heavy mineral and nuclear analytical geochemical investigations. The two regions falling on the middle course of the Danube have similar sandy gravel formations, applicable as aggregates for conventional and unconventional concrete building purposes or road construction. Their utilization in open-air constructions might be problematic due to their probable alkali-silica reactivity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Oligomictic alluvial aggregates: petro-mineralogical and geochemical evaluation of sandy gravel formations on the middle course of the Danube (Hungary)

Szilágyi

Gméling

Józsa

et al. 2021

Bull Eng Geol Environ

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“…The cracking caused by internal chemical reactions, such as delayed etrringite formation and alkali silica reaction (ASR), is one of the major durability problems in concrete structures [ 1 , 2 , 3 ]. ASR has been viewed as a ‘cancer’ in concrete structures since it was firstly discovered and named by Stanton in the 1940s [ 4 ]. ASR starts from the dissolution of the reactive silica in the aggregate under the attack of hydroxide ions that come from the pore solution in the cement paste [ 5 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

3D Microstructure Simulation of Reactive Aggregate in Concrete from 2D Images as the Basis for ASR Simulation

et al. 2021

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The microstructure of alkali-reactive aggregates, especially the spatial distribution of the pore and reactive silica phase, plays a significant role in the process of the alkali silica reaction (ASR) in concrete, as it determines not only the reaction front of ASR but also the localization of the produced expansive product from where the cracking begins. However, the microstructure of the aggregate was either simplified or neglected in the current ASR simulation models. Due to the various particle sizes and heterogeneous distribution of the reactive silica in the aggregate, it is difficult to obtain a representative microstructure at a desired voxel size by using non-destructive computed tomography (CT) or focused ion beam milling combined with scanning electron microscopy (FIB-SEM). In order to fill this gap, this paper proposed a model that simulates the microstructures of the alkali-reactive aggregate based on 2D images. Five representative 3D microstructures with different pore and quartz fractions were simulated from SEM images. The simulated fraction, scattering density, as well as the autocorrelation function (ACF) of pore and quartz agreed well with the original ones. A 40×40×40 mm3 concrete cube with irregular coarse aggregates was then simulated with the aggregate assembled by the five representative microstructures. The average pore (at microscale μm) and quartz fractions of the cube matched well with the X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP) results. The simulated microstructures can be used as a basis for simulation of the chemical reaction of ASR at a microscale.

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“…Stanton'un reaksiyon kimyası, deney yöntemleri ve reaksiyonu önleme yollarından bahsettiği 1940 yılındaki öncü çalışmasından [4] itibaren çok çeşitli deney yöntemleri ile kapsamlı araştırmalar gerçekleştirilmiştir [5,6]. İlk olarak Oberholster ve Davies [7] tarafından önerilen hızlandırılmış harç çubuğu deneyi (HHÇD), sadece 16 günde çok hızlı sonuç vermesine rağmen, numunelerin maruz kaldığı koşullar çok şiddetli olduğundan (80°C ve 1N NaOH çözeltisine daldırma), ölçülen genleşmelerin normalde karşılaşılabilecek seviyelerin çok üzerinde kaldığı görüşü baskındır.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Bazalt ve Atık Cam Agregalı Betonlarda Alkali-Silis Reaksiyonu Genleşmeleri ve Alkali Sızıntısı Seviyeleri

Yüksel¹,

Mardani‐Aghabaglou²,

Beglarigale³

et al. 2017

Teknik Dergi

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Agregada bulunan amorf silis ve boşluk çözeltisindeki alkaliler arasında gerçekleşen alkalisilis reaksiyonu (ASR), hasarla sonuçlanan önemli durabilite sorunlarındandır. Bu çalışmada, çeşitli karışımların alkali-silis reaktiviteleri, RILEM komitesi tarafından geliştirilen AAR-3 ve AAR-4 deneyleriyle araştırılmıştır. Bu hızlandırılmış deneylerde numunelerde yer alan alkalilerin ne kadarının dışarıya sızdığını belirlemek için kapların alt kısmında yer alan sudan örnekler alınmış ve atomik absorpsiyon spektrometrisi ile sodyum ve potasyum iyonlarının konsantrasyonu belirlenmiştir. Sonuçlara göre alkalilerin önemli bir miktarının betonlardan dışarıya sızabildiği ve buna rağmen, özellikle atık cam agregası içeren karışımlarda halen çok yüksek miktarda genleşme ile karşılaşıldığı görülmüştür.

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Expansion of Concrete through Reaction between Cement and Aggregate

Cited by 170 publications

References 0 publications

Oligomictic alluvial aggregates: petro-mineralogical and geochemical evaluation of sandy gravel formations on the middle course of the Danube (Hungary)

Oligomictic alluvial aggregates: petro-mineralogical and geochemical evaluation of sandy gravel formations on the middle course of the Danube (Hungary)

3D Microstructure Simulation of Reactive Aggregate in Concrete from 2D Images as the Basis for ASR Simulation

Bazalt ve Atık Cam Agregalı Betonlarda Alkali-Silis Reaksiyonu Genleşmeleri ve Alkali Sızıntısı Seviyeleri

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