Experience in South Africa of combining bioanalysis and instrumental analysis of PCDD/Fs

Vos, Jayne De; Quinn, Laura; Roos, Claudine; Pieters, Rialet; Bouwman, Hindrik; Gorst-Allman, Peter; Rohwer, Egmont Richard; Giesy, John P.

doi:10.1016/j.trac.2013.02.003

Cited by 7 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 29 publications

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“…This eventually leads to the recommendation of less-sensitive, equipment-free platforms. The performance-to-cost ratio criterion fits the developing world because of the centralized nature of these communities (7,8). For example, the centralized system in Africa (Figure 1) is such that even the most deprived regions are not totally isolated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Chemistry for Developing Countries: Mass Spectrometry

Lee

Chintalapudi

Badu‐Tawiah

2021

Annual Rev. Anal. Chem.

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Early disease diagnosis is necessary to enable timely interventions. Implementation of this vital task in the developing world is challenging owing to limited resources. Diagnostic approaches developed for resource-limited settings have often involved colorimetric tests (based on immunoassays) due to their low cost. Unfortunately, the performance/sensitivity of such simplistic tests are often limited and significantly hinder opportunities for early disease detection. A new criterion for selecting diagnostic tests in low- and middle-income countries is proposed here that is based on performance-to-cost ratio. For example, modern mass spectrometry (MS) now involves analysis of the native sample in the open laboratory environment, enabling applications in many fields, including clinical research, forensic science, environmental analysis, and agriculture. In this critical review, we summarize recent developments in chemistry that enable MS to be applied effectively in developing countries. In particular, we argue that closed automated analytical systems may not offer the analytical flexibility needed in resource-limited settings. Alternative strategies proposed here have potential to be widely accepted in low- and middle-income countries through the utilization of the open-source ambient MS platform that enables microsampling techniques such as dried blood spot to be coupled with miniature mass spectrometers in a centralized analytical platform. Consequently, costs associated with sample handling and maintenance can be reduced by >50% of the total ownership cost, permitting analytical measurements to be operated at high performance-to-cost ratios in the developing world. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Analytical Chemistry, Volume 14 is August 2021. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Chemistry for Developing Countries: Mass Spectrometry

Lee

Chintalapudi

Badu‐Tawiah

2021

Annual Rev. Anal. Chem.

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Time‐dependent relative potency factors for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and their derivatives in the H4IIE‐luc bioassay

Larsson

Hagberg

Giesy

et al. 2014

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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The H4IIE-luc transactivation bioassay for aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) agonists was used to investigate the relative potency factors (REPs) of 22 individual polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and their oxygenated-, methylated-, and N-containing derivatives (azaarenes), which are often present in PAH-contaminated soils. Naphthacene and dibenz[ah]acridine exhibited greater AhR-mediated potency, whereas lesser molecular-weight azaarenes were less potent AhR agonists. Six oxygenated PAHs had calculable REPs, but their potencies were less than their parent PAHs. Unlike the parent, unsubstituted PAHs, oxidation of methylated PAHs seemed to increase the AhR-mediated potency of the compounds, with 2-methylanthracene-9,10-dione being almost 2 times more potent than 2-methylanthracene. Both bioassay and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis were used to examine the exposure time-dependent effects on the REPs at 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h of exposure in the H4IIE-luc transactivation bioassay. Changes in concentrations of 5 compounds including the model reference 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin in the cell culture wells were measured, and the amounts in the cell medium, in the cells, and adsorbed to the wells was determined and the influence on the REPs was studied. Declining REP values with increased duration of exposure were shown for all compounds, which we concluded were a consequence of the metabolism of PAHs and PAH derivatives in H4IIe-luc cells. The present study provides new knowledge regarding the degradation and distribution of compounds in the wells during exposure.

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Relative sensitivities among avian species to individual and mixtures of aryl hydrocarbon receptor–active compounds

Wei

Zhang

et al. 2016

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Dioxins and dioxin-like compounds (DLCs) are potent toxicants to most vertebrates. Sensitivities to DLCs vary among species. In the present study, the sensitivities of avian species (chicken [Gallus gallus], ring-necked pheasant [Phasianus colchicus], and Japanese quail [Coturnix japonica]) to some polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) were determined by using species-specific, in vitro, transactivation assays based on a luciferase reporter gene under control of species-specific aryl hydrocarbon receptors. In ring-necked pheasant and Japanese quail, 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) was not the most potent inducer of toxic effects. Especially for Japanese quail, the relative potency values of most of 9 PCDD/Fs tested were greater than for TCDD. The rank order of avian species sensitivities to DLCs was chicken > ring-necked pheasant > Japanese quail. Effects of binary mixtures of TCDD, 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzofuran, and 2,3,4,7,8-pentachlorodibenzofuran were strictly additive. Moreover, we also found that the primary DLCs that were responsible for most of the potency of the DLC mixtures can be deduced by using ordination in a multidimensional space defined by the avian species sensitivities. Overall, the relative potency and the species sensitivities of these chemicals could guide risk assessments to wild species when exposure to mixtures of DLCs in the environment.

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Experience in South Africa of combining bioanalysis and instrumental analysis of PCDD/Fs

Cited by 7 publications

References 29 publications

Clinical Chemistry for Developing Countries: Mass Spectrometry

Clinical Chemistry for Developing Countries: Mass Spectrometry

Time‐dependent relative potency factors for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and their derivatives in the H4IIE‐luc bioassay

Relative sensitivities among avian species to individual and mixtures of aryl hydrocarbon receptor–active compounds

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