Experiences and perceived health benefits of individuals with a disability participating in sport: A systematic review protocol

Abstract

IntroductionSports participation has many physical and mental health benefits for individuals with a disability, including improved functionality and reduced anxiety. Despite this, a large proportion of individuals with a disability are inactive. This review will be the first to synthesise the literature on the experiences and perceived health benefits of sport participation for children, adolescents, adults, elite athletes and veterans with a disability. Investigation of these phenomena will enable an understanding of the positive aspects and benefits of sport participation specific to each population, which may help to improve participation rates and ultimately improve health through promotion of these benefits.MethodsA protocol for systematic review is reported in line with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis-P. The phenomena of interest are the experiences and perceived health benefits of individuals with a disability participating in sport. There will be no age limit on participants and all study designs, besides reviews, will be included. Studies in languages other than English will be excluded. Two independent reviewers will conduct the searches, study selection, data collection and quality assessment independently. The online databases MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsychINFO, CINAHL Plus, Web of Science and SportDiscus will be electronically searched from database inception to February 2020. Grey literature will be searched and several sport-related journals will be hand-searched. The Quality Assessment Tool for Studies with Diverse Designs will be used for quality assessment of included studies. Thematic synthesis will be used to analyse the qualitative studies, narrative synthesis will be used to analyse the quantitative studies and the perceived health benefits will be analysed using content analysis. The strength of the overall body of evidence will be assessed and reported using GRADE-CERQual (Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation–Confidence in the Evidence from Reviews of Qualitative research) for qualitative studies and GRADE for quantitative studies. These approaches will be applied to mixed-methods studies, respectively, where necessary.Ethics and disseminationThis systematic review raises no ethical issues. Results will be published in a peer reviewed journal and disseminated to key stakeholders to inform practice.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42020169224.

Parents’ Perspectives on Adaptive Sports in Children with Profound Intellectual and Multiple Disabilities

“…Despite its subjective nature, wellbeing is a valid outcome that informed us of how parents thought their child was feeling, by holistically integrating both mental and physical health dimensions. Children and adolescents with disabilities who were able to self-report on their experience, previously highlighted the importance of the happiness and enjoyment provided by taking part in sports [ 21 ]. Likewise, in typically developing children and youth, psychological and social constructs that showed positive associations with sports participation included wellbeing, enjoyment, as well as mental health and perceived health [ 22 ].…”

“…In typically developing children, several studies demonstrated the protective effect of increased physical activity against depressive and anxiety symptoms throughout school age and adolescence [ 23 , 24 , 25 ]. In adults with severe neurological impairments the practice of Boccia demonstrated positive influences on psychological health and mood [ 13 ] while young people with disabilities who practised sports reported improvements in confidence and self-esteem [ 21 ]. Children with PIMD have numerous reasons to experience discomfort and pain, and in our study adaptive sports seemed to be able to provide relief and improved comfort (reflecting the physical component of wellbeing) for a majority of children.…”

A köznevelésben résztvevő fogyatékos tanulók sportolási szokásainak vizsgálata

“…Napjainkban a fizikai inaktivitás növekedése világméretű probléma, így számos tanulmány foglalkozik akár az inaktivitás okaival, vagy annak nemzetgazdasági kérdéseivel akár a sportolás egészségben betöltött szerepével [1]; [2]; [3], mentális egészségre gyakorolt hatásaival [4], vagy a sportolás hiányának egészségre gyakorolt hatásaival [5], mely már a fogyatékossággal élő személyek célcsoportrjában is vizsgálatra került [6]; [7].…”

The Intensity of the Health Behaviors of People Who Practice Wheelchair Basketball, Wheelchair Rugby and Para-Rowing

“…Training for particular sports is associated with the permanent evaluation of one's choices, including healthpromoting behaviors. Practicing sport has a great educational potential in the field of shaping social attitudes; it is a form of rehabilitation, and it also creates opportunities for social integration [23]. The physical activation of people with disabilities requires support from their family and friends in solving everyday problems [14,[24][25][26][27][28].…”