Experiences with the master axis method for measuring spindle error motions

Marsh, Eric Russell; Grejda, Robert D.

doi:10.1016/s0141-6359(99)00027-6

Cited by 31 publications

(18 citation statements)

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“…Since the spindle rotation angle is not related to the part accuracy, five degrees of errors are considered; radial error motions in the X-and Y-directions, axial error motion in the Z-direction, and tilting error motions about the X-and Yaxes. Since the measured sensor outputs contain the rotating target roundness errors as well as the spindle errors, several attempts have been made to separate these errors, such as the multi-step method, the reversal method, the mixed method, the three-point method, and the four-point method [6][7][8]. Most of them treated only the part accuracy due to spindle errors.…”

Section: Spindle Error Motionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Roundness Error Prediction with a Volumetric Error Model Including Spindle Error Motions of a Machine Tool

Choi

Lee

Kwon

2003

The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology

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This paper proposes a modified volumetric error model that includes spindle error motions as well as geometric errors. The model is constructed using rigid-body kinematics and homogeneous transformation matrices and an additional error matrix describing spindle error motions is included. The suggested model predicts the positioning errors at a given axis position as a function of both the axis position and the engaged spindle rotation angle. Two circular interpolation tests (inner and outer circle of the same radius) are simulated and the machined part profiles are predicted. To verify the simulation results, machining tests are performed according to the ISO 10791-7 standard. The error model with spindle errors shows a better agreement, between the simulated and measured roundness errors, than the simple geometric model. It can be seen that the geometric errors determine the basic part profiles and the spindle errors change the basic profiles according to the magnitude of the errors and the spindle rotation angle.

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Section: Spindle Error Motionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Current work on spindle metrology focuses mainly on measurement method development and error evaluation techniques [6,7]. So far, there are few studies including spindle error motions in the synthesised error models.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Roundness Error Prediction with a Volumetric Error Model Including Spindle Error Motions of a Machine Tool

Choi

Lee

Kwon

2003

The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology

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“…Nowadays, the capacitive probe is very widely used in spindle precision testing. (4)(5)(6) However, the device has to be set up with a standard test bar in the rotation axis before measurements can be done. Although the capacitance probe is very precise and has a fast response, the results are susceptible to material surface imperfections, magnetic interference, and other influences.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A 3D Optical Sensor Using Optical Axis Deviation Method for Rotational Errors

2016

Sensors and Materials

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Keywords: ball lens, quadrant photodiode detector, rotational accuracy, axial error, radial error This paper presents a 3D optical sensor system for measuring errors in the motion of a rotating stage or spindle based on optical axis deviation using a precision ball lens. The radial and axial errors can be simultaneously measured during rotation. The 3D sensor consists of two quadrant photodiode detectors (QDs), two laser diodes, and a ball lens mounted on the rotating stage or spindle. Rotational errors cause changes in the optical axis of the ball lens. The resulting deflections of the laser beams are detected by the QDs and their output signals are used to determine errors. The radial and axial rotational errors can be calculated as described by the mathematical model. Experimental results showed that the measuring accuracy was within ±1 µm at a resolution of about 20 nm.

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“…The rotor of the master axis spindle rotates with the rotor of the spindle under test, just as an artifact does in traditional measurements; however, the master axis stator is restrained from rotation about the Z-axis. The re-straint, which must not constrain the five degrees of freedom of error motion, is effectively realized with a lapped steel sphere in contact with a gage block mounted on the stator of the master axis spindle [11]. Displacement sensors target the non-rotating master axis stator and measure the combined error motion of both spindles.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Techniques for calibrating spindles with nanometer error motion

Grejda

Marsh

Vallance

2005

Precision Engineering

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104

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This work demonstrates techniques that advance the standard practice in spindle metrology and enable five degree-of-freedom calibration of precision spindles with nanometer-level error motion. Several improvements are described in this paper: (1) an improved implementation of Donaldson and Estler reversal that eliminates moving and realigning the displacement sensor, (2) frequency domain low-pass filtering of data to remove spectral content without distortion, (3) robust removal of low frequency components caused by thermal drift and fluctuations in air bearing supply pressure, and (4) three-dimensional display of the synchronous error motion in the radial and axial directions. Example measurements demonstrate the repeatability and reproducibility of the techniques. Furthermore, synchronous radial error motion of an air bearing spindle calibrated by multi-step, master artifact, and master axis techniques agree within 1 nm.

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Experiences with the master axis method for measuring spindle error motions

Cited by 31 publications

References 1 publication

Roundness Error Prediction with a Volumetric Error Model Including Spindle Error Motions of a Machine Tool

Roundness Error Prediction with a Volumetric Error Model Including Spindle Error Motions of a Machine Tool

A 3D Optical Sensor Using Optical Axis Deviation Method for Rotational Errors

Techniques for calibrating spindles with nanometer error motion

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