Experiment in Planar Geometry for Shock Ignition Studies

Baton, S. D.; Kœnig, M.; Brambrink, E.; Schlenvoigt, Hans-Peter; Rousseaux, C.; Debras, G.; Laffite, S.; Loiseau, P.; Philippe, F.; Ribeyre, X.; Schurtz, G.

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.108.195002

Cited by 44 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Moreover, SI is less sensitive to hot electrons and fuel preheat. Several experiments regarding the hydrodynamics of SI have been performed already [12][13][14][15][16] . The intensity of the additional shock-inducing spike is of the Correspondence to: S. Weber.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temperature dependence of parametric instabilities in the context of the shock-ignition approach to inertial confinement fusion

Weber

Riconda

2015

High Pow Laser Sci Eng

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The role of the coronal electron plasma temperature for shock-ignition conditions is analysed with respect to the dominant parametric processes: stimulated Brillouin scattering, stimulated Raman scattering, two-plasmon decay (TPD), Langmuir decay instability (LDI) and cavitation. TPD instability and cavitation are sensitive to the electron temperature. At the same time the reflectivity and high-energy electron production are strongly affected. For low plasma temperatures the LDI plays a dominant role in the TPD saturation. An understanding of laser-plasma interaction in the context of shock ignition is an important issue due to the localization of energy deposition by collective effects and hot electron production. This in turn can have consequences for the compression phase and the resulting gain factor of the implosion phase.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temperature dependence of parametric instabilities in the context of the shock-ignition approach to inertial confinement fusion

Weber

Riconda

2015

High Pow Laser Sci Eng

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“…[850][851][852][853]. These experiments generally produced SRS backscatter of up to 5% of SI experiments have so far been limited to short-scale, planar, and/or sub-ignition laser platforms.…”

Section: Laser-plasma Instability Simulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct-drive inertial confinement fusion: A review

et al. 2015

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The direct-drive, laser-based approach to inertial confinement fusion (ICF) is reviewed from its inception following the demonstration of the first laser to its implementation on the present generation of high-power lasers. The review focuses on the evolution of scientific understanding gained from target-physics experiments in many areas, identifying problems that were demonstrated and the solutions implemented. The review starts with the basic understanding of laser–plasma interactions that was obtained before the declassification of laser-induced compression in the early 1970s and continues with the compression experiments using infrared lasers in the late 1970s that produced thermonuclear neutrons. The problem of suprathermal electrons and the target preheat that they caused, associated with the infrared laser wavelength, led to lasers being built after 1980 to operate at shorter wavelengths, especially 0.35 μm—the third harmonic of the Nd:glass laser—and 0.248 μm (the KrF gas laser). The main physics areas relevant to direct drive are reviewed. The primary absorption mechanism at short wavelengths is classical inverse bremsstrahlung. Nonuniformities imprinted on the target by laser irradiation have been addressed by the development of a number of beam-smoothing techniques and imprint-mitigation strategies. The effects of hydrodynamic instabilities are mitigated by a combination of imprint reduction and target designs that minimize the instability growth rates. Several coronal plasma physics processes are reviewed. The two-plasmon–decay instability, stimulated Brillouin scattering (together with cross-beam energy transfer), and (possibly) stimulated Raman scattering are identified as potential concerns, placing constraints on the laser intensities used in target designs, while other processes (self-focusing and filamentation, the parametric decay instability, and magnetic fields), once considered important, are now of lesser concern for mainline direct-drive target concepts. Filamentation is largely suppressed by beam smoothing. Thermal transport modeling, important to the interpretation of experiments and to target design, has been found to be nonlocal in nature. Advances in shock timing and equation-of-state measurements relevant to direct-drive ICF are reported. Room-temperature implosions have provided an increased understanding of the importance of stability and uniformity. The evolution of cryogenic implosion capabilities, leading to an extensive series carried out on the 60-beam OMEGA laser [Boehly et al., Opt. Commun. 133, 495 (1997)], is reviewed together with major advances in cryogenic target formation. A polar-drive concept has been developed that will enable direct-drive–ignition experiments to be performed on the National Ignition Facility [Haynam et al., Appl. Opt. 46(16), 3276 (2007)]. The advantages offered by the alternative approaches of fast ignition and shock ignition and the issues associated with these concepts are described. The lessons learned from target-physics and implosion experiments are taken into account in ignition and high-gain target designs for laser wavelengths of 1/3 μm and 1/4 μm. Substantial advances in direct-drive inertial fusion reactor concepts are reviewed. Overall, the progress in scientific understanding over the past five decades has been enormous, to the point that inertial fusion energy using direct drive shows significant promise as a future environmentally attractive energy source.

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“…These dangerous instabilities act to reduce the energy deposition efficiency and generate highenergetic (≈10-40 keV) electrons [30][31][32] . The uncertainties concerning the laser-plasma interaction correlated to the shock ignition scheme have also motivated great interest in experimental activities [33][34][35][36][37][38][39] . Moreover, large laser facilities such as the National Ignition Facility (NIF) [40,41] in the USA and the Laser MegaJoule (LMJ) facility [42,43] in France as well as the smaller Orion facility [44] in the UK -all of them devoted to the indirect drive scheme -could be used to test relevant aspects inherent to the shock ignition scheme.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Irradiation uniformity at the Laser MegaJoule facility in the context of the shock ignition scheme

Temporal

Canaud

Garbett

et al. 2014

High Pow Laser Sci Eng

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The use of the Laser MegaJoule facility within the shock ignition scheme has been considered. In the first part of the study, one-dimensional hydrodynamic calculations were performed for an inertial confinement fusion capsule in the context of the shock ignition scheme providing the energy gain and an estimation of the increase of the peak power due to the reduction of the photon penetration expected during the high-intensity spike pulse. In the second part, we considered a Laser MegaJoule configuration consisting of 176 laser beams that have been grouped providing two different irradiation schemes. In this configuration the maximum available energy and power are 1.3 MJ and 440 TW. Optimization of the laser-capsule parameters that minimize the irradiation non-uniformity during the first few ns of the foot pulse has been performed. The calculations take into account the specific elliptical laser intensity profile provided at the Laser MegaJoule and the expected beam uncertainties. A significant improvement of the illumination uniformity provided by the polar direct drive technique has been demonstrated. Three-dimensional hydrodynamic calculations have been performed in order to analyse the magnitude of the azimuthal component of the irradiation that is neglected in twodimensional hydrodynamic simulations.

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Experiment in Planar Geometry for Shock Ignition Studies

Cited by 44 publications

References 24 publications

Temperature dependence of parametric instabilities in the context of the shock-ignition approach to inertial confinement fusion

Temperature dependence of parametric instabilities in the context of the shock-ignition approach to inertial confinement fusion

Direct-drive inertial confinement fusion: A review

Irradiation uniformity at the Laser MegaJoule facility in the context of the shock ignition scheme

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