Experimental and Clinical Aspects of Drug Dependence

Kumar, Ramesh; Stolerman, Ian P.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4613-4214-4_10

Cited by 14 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 174 publications

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“…Typically, rats will readily learn to avoid a distinctively flavoured solution when its consumption was previously paired with administration of nicotine Iwamoto and Williamson 1984). Aversive effects have been implicated in the regulation of nicotine intake, perhaps by setting an upper limit to the amounts consumed (Kumar and Stolerman 1977;Russell 1979).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Investigating the actions of bupropion on dependence-related effects of nicotine in rats

2003

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Investigating the actions of bupropion on dependence-related effects of nicotine in rats

2003

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“…Nicotine contributes to the maintenance of cigarette smoking through its positive reinforcing effects, whereas its possible aversive properties (perhaps linked with nausea, vomiting or dizziness) may set an upper limit to smoke intake (Kumar & Stolerman, 1977;Russell, 1979). Experiments in squirrel monkeys have confirmed both the powerful positive reinforcing effect and the aversive effect Goldberg & Spealman, 1982).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of conditioned taste aversion produced by nicotine in rats

Kumar

Pratt

Stolerman

1983

British J Pharmacology

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Nicotine produced conditioned taste aversions in rats which were directly related to the dose of nicotine and to the number of conditioning trials. The tobacco alkaloid (−)‐nicotine was four to five times as potent as its stereoisomer, (+)‐nicotine. Mecamylamine but not hexamethonium blocked the development of taste aversions produced by nicotine. Mecamylamine did not block the development of taste aversions produced by apomorphine. Prolonged treatment with mecamylamine prior to conditioning did not produce supersensitivity to nicotine.

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“…In the first place, the animals do not seem to seek the drugs with the desperate avidity of human addicts. In an authoritative review of the data on self-injection of opiates, Kumar and Stolerman (1977) pointed out:…”

Section: An Empirical Critique Of Thementioning

confidence: 99%

When experimental psychology is not empirical enough: The case of the "exposure orientation."

Alexander¹

1984

Canadian Psychology / Psychologie canadienne

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Most psychologists accept the familiar view that exposure to opiate drugs engenders a powerful tendency toward subsequent addictive use. However, a review of historical, clinical, and experimental evidence shows that this view of addiction, which can be labelled the "exposure orientation," is not true. Therefore, psychology would appear to be helping to support a popular misconception. Experimental psychology, in particular, is not being fully empirical when it dwells on the meagre experimental basis for the exposure orientation and ignores the larger body of observable fact that discredits it. A fuller empiricism could re-assert psychology's authority to lead, rather than follow, popular culture.

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Experimental and Clinical Aspects of Drug Dependence

Cited by 14 publications

References 174 publications

Investigating the actions of bupropion on dependence-related effects of nicotine in rats

Investigating the actions of bupropion on dependence-related effects of nicotine in rats

Characteristics of conditioned taste aversion produced by nicotine in rats

When experimental psychology is not empirical enough: The case of the "exposure orientation."

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