Experimental and modelling study of the effect of tempering on the susceptibility to environment-assisted cracking of AISI 420 martensitic stainless steel

Anantha, Krishnan Hariramabadran; Örnek, Cem; Ejnermark, Sebastian; Thuvander, A.; Medvedeva, Anna; Sjöström, Johnny; Pan, Jinshan

doi:10.1016/j.corsci.2018.12.010

Cited by 13 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Figure 2 shows a general view of the microstructure of tempered and quenched specimens. Figure 3 shows the localized microstructure with EDX mapping, indicating that carbides rich in Cr and C decorate the hierarchic lath structured martensitic matrix which agrees well with the other work [40]. Prior austenite grain boundaries appear more visibly in quenched microstructure B with smaller precipitates up to 0.5 μm; while in tempered specimen A, some nano-sized precipitates (<0.1 μm) are also observed in addition to the submicro-sized carbides with sizes up to 0.9 μm.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

“…First, it allows a direct illustration the relative spatial position of the corrosion pit and crack. Combined with surface observation in Figure 7b, it clearly supports that the crack initiated from the corrosion pit was as similar as the mostly reported cases [2,15,16,19,29,30,31,32,40]. A zig-zag morphology could be related to the crack propagation from the X-Z and Y-Z sections.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 88%

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A Comparative Study of Localized Corrosion and Stress Corrosion Cracking of 13Cr Martensitic Stainless Steel Using Acoustic Emission and X-ray Computed Tomography

Ito

Shinozaki

et al. 2019

Materials

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An accurate evaluation of stress corrosion cracking (SCC) in 13Cr martensitic stainless steel (MSS) is still missing due to the lack of an in-situ insight into the process evolution and full characterization of the corrosion morphology. In this work, two main regimes involved in the SCC progression, including localized corrosion and cracking, were comparatively studied using in-situ acoustic emission (AE) monitoring and three-dimensional (3D) X-ray computed tomography (XCT) scanning. The stress corrosion tests were conducted with u-bent smooth specimens subjected to a single droplet of 1 μL 1% neutral NaCl solution. Localized corrosion and cracking evolution were controlled in tempered and quenched steel specimens, respectively. From XCT scanning, localized corrosion was featured by an irregular corrosion pit with deposited corrosion products containing cracks. The single dominant SCC crack was observed to initiate from corrosion pit and propagate with a 3D tortuous and discontinuous morphology. AE signals were detected in both cases. Correlated with in-situ observations and clustering analysis, source identification of AE signals was proposed. AE signals during localized corrosion were assessed to be mainly from cracking within the deposited corrosion products. Comparatively, hydrogen-bubble evolution, plastic deformation, and crack-branches coalescence were proposed as the AE sources of cracking evolution.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 88%

A Comparative Study of Localized Corrosion and Stress Corrosion Cracking of 13Cr Martensitic Stainless Steel Using Acoustic Emission and X-ray Computed Tomography

Ito

Shinozaki

et al. 2019

Materials

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“…The diffusion of hydrogen into BCC steel is known to be extremely rapid even at room temperature. 27,28,33) This can explain that the crack growth shifted toward a rapid propagation (CGR of 1.68 µm/s) of stage III in only 31 seconds after the first capture of hydrogen bubbling (Figs. 4 and 6).…”

Section: Initiation and Propagation Of Sccmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is consistent with the active path corrosion (APC)-predominant cracking mechanism that is dependent on the sensitized microstructural features in much lower CGR than hydrogenassisted cracking. 28,33) With the corrosion enhanced, some dissolved metal ions can be hydrated by reactions (7) and (8). 31) Hydrolysis reactions decrease the local pH, which not only promote further metal dissolution but also cause the cathodic hydrogen evolution by reactions (9) as the depletion in oxygen in the crack tip.…”

Section: Initiation and Propagation Of Sccmentioning

confidence: 99%

<i>In-Situ</i> Observation and Acoustic Emission Monitoring of the Initiation-to-Propagation Transition of Stress Corrosion Cracking in SUS420J2 Stainless Steel

Briffod

Ito

et al. 2019

Mater. Trans.

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In this work, acoustic emission (AE) monitoring was correlated with in-situ optical microscopy observation and electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) measurements to investigate the evolution of a single stress corrosion crack in SUS420J2 stainless steel subjected to chloride droplet corrosion. A single dominant crack evolution was observed to transition from a slow initiation of active path corrosion-dominant cracking to a rapid propagation of hydrogen-assisted cracking. The initiation-to-propagation was concomitant with a significant increase in the number of AE events. In addition, a cluster analysis of the AE features including traditional waveform parameters and fast Fourier transform (FFT)-derived frequency components was performed using k-means algorithms. Two AE clusters with different frequency levels were extracted. Correlated with the EBSD-derived kernel average misorientation (KAM) map of crack path, low-frequency AE cluster was found to correspond with the location of plastic deformation in the propagation region. High-frequency AE cluster is supposed to be from the cracking process. The correlation between AE feature and SCC progression is expected to provide an AE signals-based in-situ insight into the SCC monitoring.

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“…With the surface chemically polished, the surface residual stress along the long axis in the middles of the specimens (measured area diameter: 2 mm) was measured by an X-ray diffractometer (X-350A) using the fixed ψ method, before and after the electropulsing treatment. 26,27) The following diffraction conditions were adopted: 23) Cr anode and K α radiation was used in the residual stress measurement; The diffraction spot diameter was 2 mm; The family of crystal lattice planes {221} was used in this measurement; The scanning voltage was 20 kV; The scanning step size was 0.1°; Diffraction angles ranged from 151° to 162°; The count time per step was 0.5 s; The elastic constants was 316 MPa/degree; The scanning current was 5 mA. Besides, the method of fixed ψ (the angle between the normal of the specimen and the normal of the diffracting lattice planes) was applied, the ψ respectively was 0°, 8°, 16°, 24.2°, 30°, 35.3°, 40°, 45°.…”

Section: Residual Stress Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Improvement of Corrosion Resistance of Simulated Weld Heat Affected Zone in High Strength Pipeline Steel Using Electropulsing

Ding

Xiang

et al. 2020

ISIJ Int.

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Subjected to quenching processing, the samples of weld heat affected zone containing microstructures of martensite in high strength pipeline steel were simulated and prepared. Effects of electropulsing treatment on the corrosion resistance of simulated samples were studied through electrochemical detections and immersion corrosion experiments. It was found that the corrosion resistance of pipeline steel decreased sharply due to the high lattice strains/dislocation densities and residual tensile stress developed after martensite transformation by water quenching. Interestingly, treated by electropulsing the corrosion resistance of simulated weld heat affected zone samples was dramatically improved, and even exceeded that of the base metal when the current density achieved 5.2 kA/mm 2. After electropulsing treatment, the dislocation density and residual stress of the investigated samples were reduced largely, and the rust layer generated after corrosion was more compact, so that its corrosion resistance was improved.

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Experimental and modelling study of the effect of tempering on the susceptibility to environment-assisted cracking of AISI 420 martensitic stainless steel

Cited by 13 publications

References 30 publications

A Comparative Study of Localized Corrosion and Stress Corrosion Cracking of 13Cr Martensitic Stainless Steel Using Acoustic Emission and X-ray Computed Tomography

A Comparative Study of Localized Corrosion and Stress Corrosion Cracking of 13Cr Martensitic Stainless Steel Using Acoustic Emission and X-ray Computed Tomography

<i>In-Situ</i> Observation and Acoustic Emission Monitoring of the Initiation-to-Propagation Transition of Stress Corrosion Cracking in SUS420J2 Stainless Steel

Improvement of Corrosion Resistance of Simulated Weld Heat Affected Zone in High Strength Pipeline Steel Using Electropulsing

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