Experimental and Numerical Analyses of 3D Interlock Composite Preforming

Luycker, Emmanuel de; Orliac, Jean-Guillaume; Morestin, Fabrice; Boisse, Philippe; Marsal, David; Otin, S.

doi:10.1007/s12289-010-0871-4

Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Different approaches have been proposed to model the raw fibrous composite materials that can be found in the literature (see [8,10,13,18,19,27,30]). The most widespread approach to the simulation of fibrous composite materials is, nowadays, the finite element model that needs the determination of specific constitutive laws, to be able to describe the complex experimental evidences shown by woven composites.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling the deep drawing of a 3D woven fabric with a second gradient model

Barbagallo

Madeo

Morestin

et al. 2016

Mathematics and Mechanics of Solids

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Experimental testing on dry woven fabrics exhibits a complex set of evidences that are difficult to be completely described using classical continuum models. The aim of this paper is to show how the introduction of energy terms related to the micro-deformation mechanisms of the fabric, in particular to the bending stiffness of the yarns, helps in the modeling of the mechanical behavior of this kind of materials. To this aim, a second gradient, hyperelastic, initially orthotropic continuum theory is proposed to model fibrous composite interlocks at finite strains. In particular, the present work explores the relationship between the onset of wrinkling appearing during the simulation of the deep drawing of a woven fabric and the use of a second gradient model. It is shown that the introduction of second gradient terms accounting for the description of in-plane and out-of-plane bending rigidities, decreases the onset of wrinkles during the simulation of deep-drawing.In this work, a quadratic energy, roughly proportional to the square of the curvature of the fibers, is presented and implemented in the simulations. This simple constitutive assumption allows to clearly show the effects of the second gradient energy on both the wrinkling description and the numerical stability of the model. The results obtained in second gradient simulations are descriptive of the experimental evidence of deep drawing whose description is targeted in this work. The present paper provides additional evidence of the fact that first gradient continuum theories alone cannot be considered fully descriptive of the behavior of dry woven composite reinforcements. On the other hand, the proposed second gradient model for fibrous composite reinforcements opens the way both to the more accurate simulation of complex forming processes and to the possibility of controlling the onset of wrinkles.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling the deep drawing of a 3D woven fabric with a second gradient model

Barbagallo

Madeo

Morestin

et al. 2016

Mathematics and Mechanics of Solids

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“…For this reason, extensive studies regarding the modeling of raw fibrous composite materials can be found in the literature (e.g. [29][30][31][32][33][34][35]). The difficulties to model the forming are due to local relative movements between the fibers that occur in dry composites.…”

Section: Second Use-case: Automotive Leaf Springmentioning

confidence: 99%

Model reduction for the forming process of fibrous composites structures via second gradient enriched continuum models

Barbagallo

d’Agostino

Aivaliotis

et al. 2019

Mechanics of Advanced Materials and Structures

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This paper describes phenomena associated to the microstructure, such as the local bending stiffness of the yarns, with a second gradient parameter associated to terms in the energy with higher order derivatives. The results obtained with this enriched continuous model are presented and it is shown how the main deformation mode can be controlled to reproduce experimental evidence. In particular, increasing the second gradient parameter, the deformation mode switches from shear to one with a constant curvature along the specimen. Two fibrous composite reinforcements with two different geometries are modeled: composite airframe for aeronautic industry and an automotive leaf-spring for automotive industry. The two application cases are described as homogeneous second gradient continua with an energy depending on the in-plane and out-of-plane curvature of the yarns. This addition allows to take into account the effects of the local bending stiffness of the yarns at the mesoscale in a homogenized way.

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“…Bosse et al made a simulation calculation for topological structure deformation of 3D interlock fabric based on the characteristics of elastic material. 14,15 Carvelli et al had conducted a tentative exploration for shear deformation of 3D orthogonal fabric. 16 The deformation mechanism of 3D braided preform and the efficient molding method have no system research.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…made a simulation calculation for topological structure deformation of 3D interlock fabric based on the characteristics of elastic material. 14,15 Carvelli et al. had conducted a tentative exploration for shear deformation of 3D orthogonal fabric.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quasi-plastic deformation mechanism and off-line secondary molding of four-step three-dimensional braided preform

Ren

Fan

et al. 2017

Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites

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The present curved-surface preform made by the process copying the mandrel is easy to appear quasi-plastic deformation. And this process with low-efficiency, high-cost is difficult to batch production. In this study, a tubular preform is obtained by the process of off-line secondary molding based on the plate preform. The deformation mechanism of the plate preform under different load conditions is analyzed. Establishing mathematical model based on the deformation of microstructure unit, the geometric dimensions and fiber volume fraction of the deformed preform are forecasted. Theoretical results show that the size of unit can govern the stability of preform in molding, the deformation of preform can increase the fiber volume fraction effectively when the units of plate three-dimensional braided material are cubic. The tubular preform made by the technology of molding the pre-designed plate preform which can be braided quickly has a more stable geometrical structure and better performance. This technology avoid the complex braiding process and equipment of the tubular preform, which is expect to product the tubular preform in batches effectively.

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Experimental and Numerical Analyses of 3D Interlock Composite Preforming

Cited by 12 publications

References 10 publications

Modelling the deep drawing of a 3D woven fabric with a second gradient model

Modelling the deep drawing of a 3D woven fabric with a second gradient model

Model reduction for the forming process of fibrous composites structures via second gradient enriched continuum models

Quasi-plastic deformation mechanism and off-line secondary molding of four-step three-dimensional braided preform

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