Experimental and numerical analysis of residual stress in carbon-stabilized expanded austenite

Abstract

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Determination of residual stress gradient in a Ti-stabilized austenitic stainless steel cladding candidate after carburization in liquid sodium at 500 °C and 600 °C

“…The formation of compressive residual stresses at the sample surface owing to the growth of expanded austenite, by carburization or nitridation, was extensively reported in the past [44][45][46][47][48][49] . In literature, the studied carburized samples were monophasic, contained expanded austenite in the carburized zone and austenite in the core, and the stresses were measured in the near sample surface in almost cases.…”

Effect of low-temperature surface hardening by carburization on the fatigue behavior of AISI 316L austenitic stainless steel

“…Solid solution strengthening by carbon enhances the yield strength and the hardness over the case and improves the wear performance significantly, without compromising the original corrosion resistance (the corrosion performance can even be improved) [5][6][7][8][9][10]. After low-temperature carburization, the elasto-plastic accommodation of the carbon-induced lattice expansion results in compressive residual stresses of up to several GPa's in the surface hardened case [11,12]. It is anticipated that the compressive residual stresses introduced by surface treatments can enhance the fatigue resistance of AUSSs [13][14][15].…”

A study on the effect of ultrashort pulsed laser texturing on the microstructure and properties of metastable S phase layer formed on AISI 316L surfaces

“…In the case of austenitic stainless steels, this type of treatment results in the formation of a precipitate-free surface layer that demonstrates high hardness (1000-1500 HV0.05) and marginally improved corrosion resistance over its untreated counterpart [3,10,24]. The surface layer has also been shown to contain nitrogen content reaching up to 22 atomic percent, which is much greater than the maximum nitrogen solid solubility in austenite (8.7 at%) [25][26][27][28][29].However, the greatest limitation of the S phase is that it is a thermodynamically metastable phase that will, upon heating, decompose into nitride precipitates and a chromium depleted austenite phase [26,30].…”