Experimental and numerical investigation of sodium sulphate crystallization in porous materials

Koniorczyk, Marcin; Konca, Piotr

doi:10.1007/s00231-012-1093-8

Cited by 19 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Therefore, a very accurate value of this threshold should be carefully evaluated experimentally for each specific case. However, given that its influence on the overall response appears not particularly significant (as also experienced by the Authors for values comprised between 1 and 1.7), it is common to adopt a unit value also for the threshold of supersaturation ratio for primary crystallization [42,35,43,44]. This value has been used also in the following.…”

Section: Evolution Equationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling environmental ageing in masonry strengthened with composites

Miranda

Castellazzi

2019

Engineering Structures

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Section: Evolution Equationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling environmental ageing in masonry strengthened with composites

Miranda

Castellazzi

2019

Engineering Structures

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“…There is also valuable research presenting theoretical models, numerical simulations and quantitative studies on crystal growth in porous building materials in general [29][30][31][32][33][34][35] and in bricks and mortars in particular [36][37][38][39][40].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding Deterioration due to Salt and Ice Crystallization in Scandinavian Massive Brick Masonry

Balksten

Strandberg

2021

Heritage

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Extensive durability problems such as weathering and degradation are found in historic Scandinavian brick masonry buildings, especially from the neo-Gothic period. These are largely due to the crystallization of salts and frost action in the bricks and mortars. This article aims to show and illustrate which salts and crystals are found in historic brick masonry buildings and to describe their appearance and behavior. An additional aim is to explore possibilities of preventing salt-related damage on internal masonry wall surfaces, such as using hemp-lime sacrificial plaster beneath the plaster. The objective is to show the mechanisms behind salt-related problems and to perform a case study and a laboratory study on salt-damaged brick masonry containing sodium sulphate. In order to prevent and stop damage to the masonry, it is important to be able to identify the nature of the salt damage and the type of salt that caused the damage. Neo-Gothic brick masonry buildings require well-planned, continuous maintenance of the masonry. It is therefore of the utmost importance to have an understanding of the complex functions of the masonry and of the salts that can cause damage to these historic buildings.

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“…It is also observed that during freezing there always remains a thin liquid layer between ice and pore wall [5,6]. The in-pore crystallization is concerned as the major cause of material's microstructure damage, which is why it is a frequent subject of scientific research [7][8][9][10][11]. In vast majority of papers authors assume that temperature changes so slow that considered system remains in thermodynamic equilibrium [12,13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of diol addition on water crystallization kinetics in mesopores

Bednarska

Koniorczyk

2019

J Therm Anal Calorim

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Solidification of liquid occupying material's pores is one of the main reasons of its skeleton deterioration. So far, it has been usually assumed that confined water undergoes phase transitions more rapidly than temperature changes, which indicates that the kinetic effects are negligible. However, this assumption is often infringed. The main object of this paper is to analyse the crystallization of commonly applied antifreeze, i.e. ethylene as well as propylene glycol, in water solutions contained in voids of mesoporous silica gel with average pore size equal to 11 nm. In case of both solutions, two concentrations are analysed, 5% and 10%. Additionally, the analysis is conducted also for deionized water. The experimental research has been conducted by means of differential scanning calorimetry with multiple cooling rate program applied. The activation energy is estimated according to the differential Friedman method. In order to pick the most appropriate kinetic model to analysed phenomenon, two approaches are applied: the one introduced by Málek as well as the one described by Perez-Maqueda et al., the so-called model-fitting method. The former indicates the Š esták-Berggren model, whereas the latter points to nth reaction order model. Both equations demonstrate high accordance with the experimental data. The Š esták-Berggren equation is an empirical formula, which does not provide any explanation about antifreeze solidification. However, the nth reaction order model belongs to the group of geometrical extension/contraction models.

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Experimental and numerical investigation of sodium sulphate crystallization in porous materials

Cited by 19 publications

References 27 publications

Modeling environmental ageing in masonry strengthened with composites

Modeling environmental ageing in masonry strengthened with composites

Understanding Deterioration due to Salt and Ice Crystallization in Scandinavian Massive Brick Masonry

The influence of diol addition on water crystallization kinetics in mesopores

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