Experimental and numerical investigation on the compressive properties of interlocking blocks

Shi, Tingwei; Zhang, Xihong; Hao, Hong; Chen, Chong

doi:10.1016/j.engstruct.2020.111561

Cited by 42 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…From Table 5, it can be seen that the average modulus of elasticity of twostack ungrouted masonry prism, E m , (6558.16 MPa) is 14.9% of the modulus of elasticity of masonry units, E u , (43,996.71 MPa). The E u = f uc ratio of the masonry units is measured to be 1073.61 MPa comparing well with the finding of Martinez & Atamturkur [40] but substantially higher than that observed in Shi et al [19]. In the case of ungrouted prisms, the E m = f m ratio corresponds to 317.12 which is significantly lower than the typical range of ratios for mortared masonry discussed in the Introduction.…”

Section: Stress-strain Relationshipsupporting

confidence: 81%

“…In micro-modelling approach, the masonry units and the joints are modelled separately, requiring the material properties of the masonry units. Some of the recent micro-scale studies on mortarless masonry modelling include Shi et al [19], Zahra [20] and Martı ´nez et al [21]. In macro-modelling, the whole masonry can be considered as one homogeneous material, with masonry prism material properties being required.…”

Section: Potential Modelling Approach For Materials Modellingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In comparison to the compressive material behaviour investigations cited above, there is no documented study on the tensile properties of ungrouted or grouted mortarless masonry wallets. Therefore, the tensile strength of masonry unit, f tu , is generally assumed to be 10% of the compressive strength of the units in the Finite Element (FE) models in the recent studies of Shi et al [19], Zahra [20] and Martı ´nez et al [21]. One of the techniques to measure the tensile strength of mortared masonry composite is to conduct diagonal tension test, which entails subjecting masonry wallets to diagonally compressive loads [22][23][24][25][26][27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Behaviour and material properties of versaloc semi-interlocking mortarless masonry

et al. 2023

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Masonry construction is popular around the world, but the use of mortared masonry presents numerous challenges. In recent decades, masonry construction systems incorporating interlocking masonry units have been proposed to eliminate mortar. The interlocking between masonry units can be achieved using specially shaped units. This paper presents a comprehensive experimental study to determine the behaviour as well as basic material properties of one such semi-interlocking mortarless masonry. The experiments included testings of ungrouted masonry units, prisms, and wallets. In addition, masonry prisms and wallets with grouted cores were also investigated to study the effect of grouting. A detailed description of the construction procedure is explained. The failure mechanisms, maximum strengths, force–displacement relationships, and modulus of elasticity of the samples are obtained and contrasted with the relevant results from the literature. Finally, recommendations are made that may assist material model development required for micro- and macro-modelling of mortarless masonry. The new information generated in this research will enable better understanding of the behaviour and properties of semi-interlocking mortarless masonry and will be useful for validating numerical models in future research.

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Section: Stress-strain Relationshipsupporting

confidence: 81%

Section: Potential Modelling Approach For Materials Modellingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Behaviour and material properties of versaloc semi-interlocking mortarless masonry

et al. 2023

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“…Compared to RCC framed construction, masonry construction is less expensive and faster [1]. To overcome the defects in the masonry system, the mortarless interlocking block system has emerged [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of Mix Proportions for Novel Dry Stack Interlocking Concrete Blocks Using ANN

Arunachalam

Awoyera

2021

Advances in Civil Engineering

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This paper proposes novel concrete interlocking blocks made of fly ash and GGBS which are an alternative for the conventional concrete blocks. The artificial neural network (ANN) technique is used to estimate the mechanical strength of interlocking blocks and is verified with experimental investigation. The ANN model is based on the Levenberg–Marquardt principle which is executed using MATLAB. The inputs are given in the percentage ratio of cement: fly ash: crushed stone aggregate (FA): coarse aggregate (CA) for the process of learning, testing, and validation. The selected model is subjected to several trials in terms of mean square error, containing 4 input, 2 sets of 10 hidden layers, and one output components. In this study, a total of 2600 blocks of different mixes were tested as per IS 2185-1 (2005) to assess 3, 7, 14, 21, and 28 days’ strength. The experimental investigations were carried out in two phases. In the first phase, experimental investigations to identify the optimum mix proportions of cement, aggregate, fly ash, and ground granulated blast furnace slag to achieve desired compressive strength was carried out. In the second phase, the identified mix proportions were analysed using ANN to predict the compressive strength of interlocking blocks. The results indicate that the proposed ANN model developed to determine the mechanical strength and cost of interlocking blocks has excellent prediction ability.

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“…(Fundi, Kaluli, and Kinuthia 2018). Due to lateral expansion and stress concentration, a crack and failure of a stacked pier with interlocking bricks began from the bond of the connection (Shi et al 2021). Studies on the exural bending capacity of interlocking bricks were rare because dry stacked (mortarless) interlocking bricks cannot offer bending resistance without axial pre-compression (Al-Fakih, Mohammed, et al 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Study On Load Resistance of Eco-Friendly Interlocking Blocks For Sustainable Construction

Chunduri¹,

Khed²

2021

Preprint

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The rapid growth of contemporary construction industry has driven engineers to explore new construction techniques for sustainable development. Interlocking block wall construction reduces time, labour and enhances construction efficiency compared to conventional masonry wall construction. The interlocking pattern has been applied to the top and bottom surface of block to withstand gravity and lateral loads whereas current interlocking blocks only serve the purpose of easy alignment. In this study, eco-friendly blocks have been developed with industrial waste such as fly ash, quarry dust and geopolymer as binder. Tests to evaluate the compressive strength, water absorption and efflorescence have been carried out on both traditional and geopolymer interlocking blocks. Later, on two blocks joint, in-plane vertical load has been applied and the same model is generated to validate the failure. Using numerical modelling, horizontal and vertical load resistance of interlocking block wall and traditional brick wall was compared. The experimental results show that, relative to traditional clay brick, the compressive strength of the geopolymer interlocking block was high but the absorption of water was low. The vertical load resistance is identical but horizontal load resistance was high in interlocking block wall. The interlocking geopolymer block was the best approach for environmental sustainability.

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Experimental and numerical investigation on the compressive properties of interlocking blocks

Cited by 42 publications

References 58 publications

Behaviour and material properties of versaloc semi-interlocking mortarless masonry

Behaviour and material properties of versaloc semi-interlocking mortarless masonry

Optimization of Mix Proportions for Novel Dry Stack Interlocking Concrete Blocks Using ANN

Comparative Study On Load Resistance of Eco-Friendly Interlocking Blocks For Sustainable Construction

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