Experimental demonstration of heat loss and turn-down ratio for a multi-panel, actively deployed radiator

Mulford, Rydge B.; Salt, Samuel D.; Hyatt, Lance P.; Meaker, Kyle S.; Dwivedi, Vivek H.; Jones, Matthew R.; Iverson, Brian D.

doi:10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2020.115658

Cited by 8 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 33 publications

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“…Alternatively, SMA linear actuators have also been investigated as thermal switches to prevent TCS overcooling (and thus, fluid freezing). 14,15 The principles of origami have been investigated to change the emissive properties of surfaces, [16][17][18] and smart materials using a mismatch in thermal expansion coefficient have been explored to actuate patterned structures and expose high emissivity surfaces upon reaching a target temperature. 19 Extensive work has explored using vanadium dioxide (VO 2 ) as a thermochromic (i.e., a material that changes emissivity with a change in temperature) radiative coating.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design, experimental demonstration, and validation of a composite morphing space radiator

Walgren

Nevin

Hartl

2022

Journal of Composite Materials

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Future manned space missions will require thermal control systems that can adapt to larger fluctuations in temperature and heat flux exceeding the capabilities of current state-of-the-art technologies. Specifically, these missions will demand novel space radiators that can vary the system heat rejection rate to maintain the crew cabin at habitable temperatures throughout the entire mission. While current systems can provide a turndown ratio (defined as the ratio of maximum to minimum heat rejection rates) of 3:1 under adverse conditions, future missions are projected to demand thermal control systems that can provide a turndown ratio of more than 6:1. A novel morphing radiator concept autonomously varies the system heat rejection rate by altering the shape of the panel exposed to space, where composite materials can provide an ideal compromise between thermal conductivity, restorative stiffness and deformation capability. Shape change is accomplished through the use of shape memory alloys, a class of active materials that exhibit thermomechanically driven phase transformations and can be used as simultaneous sensors and actuators in thermal control applications. This work details progress towards testing and modeling a spaceflight-quality, high turndown ratio morphing radiator prototype in a relevant thermal environment. A prototype composite morphing radiator with shape memory alloy strip actuators and high performance thermal coatings achieved a turndown ratio of 7.2:1, while an associated multi-physical model thereof has been shown to capture all major effects and will enable future design improvements.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design, experimental demonstration, and validation of a composite morphing space radiator

Walgren

Nevin

Hartl

2022

Journal of Composite Materials

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Advanced Passive Thermal Control Materials and Devices for Spacecraft: A Review

et al. 2022

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In recent planetary exploration space missions, spacecraft are exposed to severe thermal environments that are sometimes more extreme than those experienced in earth orbits. The development of advanced thermal control materials and devices together with reliable and accurate measurements of their thermophysical properties are needed for the development of systems designed to meet the engineering challenges associated with these space missions. We provide a comprehensive review of the state-of-the-art advanced passive thermal control materials and devices that are available for space applications, specifically, variable emissivity thermal control materials and microelectromechanical systems (MEMS), radiofrequency (RF)-transparent and/or tunable solar absorptivity and total hemispherical emissivity thermal control materials, and a passive re-deployable radiator with advanced materials and insulation. Prior to our in-depth review of these thermal control materials, we briefly summarize the thermal environments surrounding spacecraft, the characteristics of thermophysical properties for spacecraft materials that differ from those of materials for ground use, and the significance of solar absorptivity and total hemispherical emissivity for passive thermal control in space. In all four topics of materials and devices, the following subjects are overviewed: the basic principle of passive thermal control techniques in space, the measurement of thermophysical properties of those novel materials, simulation and/or on-orbit verification thermal performance tests, degradation tests in space environments, and some aspects of the implementation of the above-described materials and devices in actual space missions.

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Advances in spacecraft thermal control

Consolo

Boetcher

2023

Advances in Heat Transfer

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Experimental demonstration of heat loss and turn-down ratio for a multi-panel, actively deployed radiator

Cited by 8 publications

References 33 publications

Design, experimental demonstration, and validation of a composite morphing space radiator

Design, experimental demonstration, and validation of a composite morphing space radiator

Advanced Passive Thermal Control Materials and Devices for Spacecraft: A Review

Advances in spacecraft thermal control

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