Experimental determination of rhyolitic glass dissolution rates at 40–200°C and 2&lt;pH&lt;10.1

Declercq, Julien; Diedrich, T.; Perrot, Melissa; Gíslason, Sigurður R.; Oelkers, Eric H.

doi:10.1016/j.gca.2012.10.006

Cited by 39 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 94 publications

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“…137 Cs), will be released from the nuclear melt glass by dissolution during contact with groundwater. 18 Previous studies 19,20 have shown that hydrothermal alteration of rhyolitic glasses of similar composition to those found at the NNSS leads to the formation of clay (e.g. smectite/montmorillonite) and zeolite (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Plutonium Desorption from Nuclear Melt Glass-Derived Colloids and Implications for Migration at the Nevada National Security Site, USA

Joseph

Balboni

Baumer

et al. 2019

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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The migration of low levels of plutonium has been observed at the Nevada National Security Site (NNSS) and attributed to colloids. To better understand the mechanism(s) of colloidfacilitated transport at this site, we performed flow cell desorption experiments with mineral colloid suspensions produced by hydrothermal alteration of NNSS nuclear melt glass, residual material left behind from nuclear testing. Three different colloid suspensions were used, 1) colloidal material from hydrothermal alteration of nuclear melt glass at 140 °C, 2) at 200 °C, and 3) plutonium sorbed to SWy-1 montmorillonite at room temperature. The 140 23°C sample contained only montmorillonite while zeolite and other phases were present in the 200 °C sample. Overall, more plutonium was desorbed from the 140 °C colloids (~9-16%), than from the 200 °C colloids (~4-8 %). Furthermore, at the end of the 4.5 day flow cell

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Plutonium Desorption from Nuclear Melt Glass-Derived Colloids and Implications for Migration at the Nevada National Security Site, USA

Joseph

Balboni

Baumer

et al. 2019

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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“…We also noted that Si concentrations are higher in S-bearing than S-free experiments, whereas the opposite is observed for Mg (see Table S2). The difference in Si concentration is probably related to the different pH values of the initial solutions, as glass dissolution increases with increasing pH in neutralalkaline conditions (Declercq et al 2013;Vienna et al 2018), whereas the dissolved Mg concentration is controlled by the precipitation of secondary Mg-bearing minerals such as brucite (not detected) and/or tochilinite in S-bearing alkaline environments (Zolotov 2014).…”

Section: Condition Of Tochilinite Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deciphering the conditions of tochilinite and cronstedtite formation in CM chondrites from low temperature hydrothermal experiments

Vacher

Truche

Fauré

et al. 2019

Meteorit & Planetary Scien

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Tochilinite/cronstedtite intergrowths are commonly observed as alteration products in CM chondrite matrices, but the conditions under which they formed are still largely underconstrained due to their scarcity in terrestrial environments. Here, we report low temperature (80 °C) anoxic hydrothermal experiments using starting assemblages similar to the constituents of the matrices of the most pristine CM chondrite and S‐rich and S‐free fluids. Cronstedtite crystals formed only in S‐free experiments under circumneutral conditions with the highest Fe/Si ratios. Fe‐rich tochilinite with chemical and structural characteristics similar to chondritic tochilinite was observed in S‐bearing experiments. We observed a positive correlation between the Mg content in the hydroxide layer of synthetic tochilinite and temperature, suggesting that the composition of tochilinite is a proxy for the alteration temperature in CM chondrites. Using this relation, we estimate the mean precipitation temperatures of tochilinite to be 120–160 °C for CM chondrites. Given the different temperature ranges of tochilinite and cronstedtite in our experiments, we propose that Fe‐rich tochilinite crystals resulted from the alteration of metal beads under S‐bearing alkaline conditions at T = 120–160 °C followed by cronstedtite crystals formed by the reaction of matrix amorphous silicates, metal beads, and water at a low temperature (50–120 °C).

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“…The Na/Si and K/Si ratios in solution at the end of the experiments were lower in the acid experiments compared to the water experiments, and in general Na and K concentrations in the water and acid experiments were similar, suggesting that the reactivity of the abundant Na and K bearing phases, glass and feldspars, are relatively independent of acidity over this pH range. Previous studies on dissolution of feldspars and feldspathic glass (e.g., Blum and Lasaga, 1991;Welch and Ullman, 1996;Hamilton et al, 2000Hamilton et al, , 2001Declercq et al, 2013) showed that the dissolution rate is essentially independent of pH at near neutral pH ($5 to 7). The behavior of Ca in the acid dissolution experiments is very similar to that observed for the bulk ash.…”

Section: Stoichiometry Bg Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Their reaction rates ranged from $3-10 Â 10 À12 mol Si/m 2 -s for rhyolite, 6-12 Â 10 À12 mol Si/m 2 -s for dacite, and 12-80 Â 10 À12 mol Si/m 2 -s for andesite. In a recent study, Declercq et al (2013) measured a dissolution rate of 230 Â 10 À12 mol Si/m 2 -s for rhyolite at pH 4 at 80°C in a flow through reactor. The differences in the measured reaction rates are probably due in part to the differences in experimental conditions.…”

Section: Dissolution Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of trace mineral phases on the total solute flux from andesitic volcanics

Welch

Goldsmith

Carey

2015

Applied Geochemistry

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Experimental determination of rhyolitic glass dissolution rates at 40–200°C and 2<pH<10.1

Cited by 39 publications

References 94 publications

Plutonium Desorption from Nuclear Melt Glass-Derived Colloids and Implications for Migration at the Nevada National Security Site, USA

Plutonium Desorption from Nuclear Melt Glass-Derived Colloids and Implications for Migration at the Nevada National Security Site, USA

Deciphering the conditions of tochilinite and cronstedtite formation in CM chondrites from low temperature hydrothermal experiments

Impact of trace mineral phases on the total solute flux from andesitic volcanics

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