Experimental Evaluation of Frequency Regulation From Commercial Building HVAC Systems

Lin, Yashen; Barooah, Prabir; Meyn, Sean; Middelkoop, Timothy

doi:10.1109/tsg.2014.2381596

Cited by 215 publications

(110 citation statements)

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“…In this paper, we consider the supply fan as the only source of flexibility for ancillary services provision, as in [6], [9], [17]. The supply fan is one of the most important components in the HVAC system.…”

Section: Agent-based Modeling Of Multi-zone Commercial Buildingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They then jointly propose a new allocation proposal (m 1, * t , · · · , m n, * t ). If there is still airflow surplus, i.e., s k > 0, then a new price is constructed using (9), and zones repeat the previous bargaining process. This process is repeated until all zones are satisfied with their current proposals or there is no more airflow surplus.…”

Section: Algorithm 2 Distributed Nash Bargaining Protocolmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been shown in [6], [9] that commercial building HVAC supply fan (which is controlled by a variable frequency drive) is a great flexible resource for providing ancillary services due to its fast and accurate responding characteristics. In [6], it has been estimated that 15% of the rated fan power can be used to follow a high-frequency regulation signal.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Distributed flexibility characterization and resource allocation for multi-zone commercial buildings in the smart grid

Lian

Kalsi

et al. 2015

2015 54th IEEE Conference on Decision and Control (CDC)

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Abstract-The HVAC (Heating, Ventilation, and AirConditioning) system of commercial buildings is a complex system with a large number of dynamically interacting components. In particular, the thermal dynamics of each zone are coupled with those of its neighboring zones. In this paper, we study an agent-based approach to model and control commercial building HVAC system for providing ancillary services to the power grid. In the multi-agent-building-system (MABS), individual zones are modeled as agents that can communicate, interact, and negotiate with one another to achieve a common objective. We first propose a distributed characterization method on the aggregate airflow (and thus fan power) flexibility that the HVAC system can provide to the ancillary service market. A Nash-bargaining-based airflow allocation strategy is then proposed to track a dispatch signal while respecting the preference and flexibility of individual zones. Moreover, we devise a distributed algorithm to obtain the Nash bargaining solution via dual decomposition. Numerical simulations illustrate that the proposed distributed protocols are much more scalable than centralized approaches especially when the system becomes larger and more complex.

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Section: Agent-based Modeling Of Multi-zone Commercial Buildingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Algorithm 2 Distributed Nash Bargaining Protocolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Distributed flexibility characterization and resource allocation for multi-zone commercial buildings in the smart grid

Lian

Kalsi

et al. 2015

2015 54th IEEE Conference on Decision and Control (CDC)

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“…In centralized control, the power consumption of the loads can be manipulated automatically or manually (either by utilities, aggregators or customers) in response to a signal received from a center responsible for its operation and control [5][6][7][8]. In contrast, decentralized control refers to a control in which the power consumption of the loads is manipulated automatically or manually by local measurements and settings [9][10][11][12][13][14]. Further, a mix of centralized and decentralized control is also possible where the power consumption of the devices corresponds to both the central signal and the local measurement and settings [15], [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ancillary service provision by demand side management: A real-time power hardware-in-the-loop co-simulation demonstration

Syed

Crolla

Burt

et al. 2015

2015 International Symposium on Smart Electric Distribution Systems and Technologies (EDST)

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This version is available at https://strathprints.strath.ac.uk/54395/ Strathprints is designed to allow users to access the research output of the University of Strathclyde. Unless otherwise explicitly stated on the manuscript, Copyright © and Moral Rights for the papers on this site are retained by the individual authors and/or other copyright owners. Please check the manuscript for details of any other licences that may have been applied. You may not engage in further distribution of the material for any profitmaking activities or any commercial gain. You may freely distribute both the url (https://strathprints.strath.ac.uk/) and the content of this paper for research or private study, educational, or not-for-profit purposes without prior permission or charge.Any correspondence concerning this service should be sent to the Abstract-The role of demand side management in providing ancillary services to the network is an active topic of research. However, their implementation is limited due to lack of practical demonstrations and tests that can rigorously quantify their ability to support the grid's integrity. In this paper, provision of time critical frequency control ancillary service is demonstrated by means of integrating PowerMatcher, a well discussed demand side management mechanism in literature, with real-time power hardware. The co-simulation platform enables testing of demand side management techniques to provide ancillary services.Keywords-Ancillary services, demand side management, transactive energy markets and real-time power hardware-in-theloop simulation.

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“…In centralized control, the power consumption of the loads can be manipulated automatically or manually (either by utilities, aggregators or customers) in response to a signal received from a center responsible for its operation and control [6]- [9]. In contrast, decentralized control refers to a control in which the power consumption of the loads is manipulated automatically or manually by local measurements and settings [10]- [15]. Further, a mix of centralized and decentralized control is also possible where the power consumption of the devices corresponds to both the central signal and the local measurement and settings [16], [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Demand side participation for frequency containment in the web of cells architecture

Syed

Burt

Kok³

et al. 2015

2015 International Symposium on Smart Electric Distribution Systems and Technologies (EDST)

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Abstract-A large number of demand side management schemes have been proposed in literature for provision of frequency control ancillary services to the network. However, it is assumed that all the flexible devices within the network are managed and controlled under one demand side management (DSM) scheme. In this paper, two independent demand side management schemes control the portfolio of flexible devices within a web of cells architecture. A methodology and scenarios for analysis of the performance of more than one DSM scheme within the same network have been realized using a real-time power hardware-in-the-loop co-simulation platform, and the paper presents this as a basis for investigations of such arrangements.Keywords-Ancillary services, demand side management, transactive energy markets and real-time power hardware-in-theloop simulation.

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Experimental Evaluation of Frequency Regulation From Commercial Building HVAC Systems

Cited by 215 publications

References 10 publications

Distributed flexibility characterization and resource allocation for multi-zone commercial buildings in the smart grid

Distributed flexibility characterization and resource allocation for multi-zone commercial buildings in the smart grid

Ancillary service provision by demand side management: A real-time power hardware-in-the-loop co-simulation demonstration

Demand side participation for frequency containment in the web of cells architecture

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