Experimental infection of atypical Aeromonas salmonicida in Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus and its treatment with carvacrol and cymene mixture

Korni, Fatma M.M.

doi:10.7847/jfp.2015.28.3.145

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Aeromonas spp. are ubiquitous in freshwater aquatic environments and are opportunistic pathogens, only causing disease when fish are stressed in a farming system [9,19]. In other studies, Aeromonas hydrophila and A. veronii have been reported as the main pathogens in tilapia cultures [26].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Notably, macroscopic examination of the internal organs revealed the presence of pale gills, enlarged spleens, congested brains, pallid hepatomegaly, and nephromegaly. Gills, being vital organs directly exposed to the external environment, serve as crucial indicators of various diseases such as parasitosis, bacteriosis, and viral infections, as their visible changes provide valuable insights [19,20]. Furthermore, changes in the appearance of gills serve as an indicator of water quality, which reflects the possibility of acidic or alkaline pH levels or intoxication due to high concentrations of ammonia or nitrite [21].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An Investigation of Bacterial Pathogens Associated with Diseased Nile Tilapia in Small-Scale Cage Culture Farms on Lake Kariba, Siavonga, Zambia

Siamujompa,

Ndashe,

Zulu

et al. 2023

Fishes

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This study investigated disease outbreaks in farmed Oreochromis niloticus (Nile tilapia) in Siavonga among small-scale cage culture farms on Lake Kariba in order to establish bacterial etiological agents associated with fish mortality and to determine their antibiotic susceptibility. A total of 300 fish samples from 11 farms were aseptically collected and bacteria were isolated from the kidney, liver, brain, and spleen. The isolates were identified using their morphological characteristics and conventional biochemical tests. The antibiotic susceptibility of selected bacteria was determined by the Kirby–Bauer disc diffusion method. The following well-known fish pathogens were identified at a prevalence of Aeromonas spp. (13%), Pseudomonas spp. (10.3%), Micrococcus spp. (9.7%), Klebsiella spp. (8.7%), Lactococcus spp. (7.3%), Streptococcus spp. (7.0%), and Acinetobacter spp. (7.0%). All the isolates tested were susceptible to doxycycline, and complete resistance to ciprofloxacin, co-trimoxazole, and cephalothin was recorded in the Bacillus spp. The observed resistance could be attributed to bacteria from terrestrial sources as fish farmers do not administer antibiotics to fish. To our knowledge, this is the first study to establish the occurrence of several bacterial species infecting tilapia in Zambia and the first to determine the antibiotic susceptibility of fish bacteria among small-scale farms on Lake Kariba. The current study provides baseline information for future reference and fish disease management on Lake Kariba and in Zambia.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Investigation of Bacterial Pathogens Associated with Diseased Nile Tilapia in Small-Scale Cage Culture Farms on Lake Kariba, Siavonga, Zambia

Siamujompa,

Ndashe,

Zulu

et al. 2023

Fishes

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“…After infection, there was a decrease in TE, Ht, and Hb values in all treatments except the negative control. The decrease peak occurred on day 50 (four days post-infection) due to the fish experiencing kidney infection due to an attack by A. hydrophila, causing anemia (Korni et al, 2017). Sirimanapong et al (2018) stated that the inhibition of red blood cell production caused by S. agalactiae infection caused the number of red blood cells to decrease.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary supplementation of Bacillus sp. NP5 and dayak onion simplicia powder Eleutherine bulbosa (Mill.) Urb. for the prevention of Aeromonas hydrophila in catfish Clarias sp.

Sudrajat,

Yuhana,

Widanarni

et al. 2023

Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia

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Aeromonas hydrophila is the main causative agent of ulcerative disease in catfish and causes considerable economic losses to Indonesian aquaculture. This study evaluates the prebiotic activity and the effect of feed supplementation of dayak onion simplicia powder (DOSP) on the immune response and survival of catfish infected with A. hydrophila. Five doses (0.20, 0.25, 0.30, 0.35, and 0.40 g/mL) of DOSP were tested in vitro to assess the prebiotic activity score. The results showed that a dose of 0.20 g/mL gave a significantly (P<0.05) higher probiotic stimulation value than other doses. In the in vivo test, the study used a completely randomized design with five treatments, namely simplicia (DOSP 20 g/kg), probiotic (PRO, Bacillus sp. NP5 108 CFU/mL, 1% v/w), combination (PRO+DOSP), and control (positive and negative). Fish were reared for 45 days and fed three times a day. On day 46, fish from all treatments, except negative control, were infected with an A. hydrophila dose of 106 CFU/mL injected intramuscularly. The results showed that the combination treatment (PRO+DOSP) gave better total erythrocytes, hemoglobin, hematocrit, total leukocytes and phagocytosis activity than probiotics, DOSP, and control. Administering the combination (PRO+DOSP) can reduce the total number of A. hydrophila lower than the probiotic, DOSP, and control treatments. In addition, the survival rate of catfish in the combined treatment (PRO+DOSP) was significantly (P<0.05) higher than probiotics, DOSP, and control. The results of this study can be a helpful reference and application for the early prevention of A. hydrophila infection. Keywords: aquaculture, Bacillus sp. NP5, dayak onion, probiotics, simplicia powder ABSTRAK Aeromonas hydrophila adalah penyebab utama penyakit bercak merah pada budidaya ikan lele dan menyebabkan kerugian ekonomi cukup besar pada akuakultur Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi aktivitas prebiotik serbuk simplisia bawang dayak (SSBD) dan pengaruh penambahan kombinasi probiotik Bacillus sp. NP5 dan SSBD pada pakan terhadap respons imun dan kelangsungan hidup ikan lele yang diinfeksi A. hydrophila. Lima dosis (0,20, 0,25, 0,30, 0,35, dan 0,40 g/mL) SSBD diuji secara in vitro untuk menilai skor aktivitas prebiotik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dosis 0,20 g/mL memberikan nilai stimulasi probiotik signifikan (P<0,05) lebih tinggi dibandingkan dosis lainnya. Pada uji in vivo, penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap terdiri dari lima perlakuan, yaitu simplisia (SSBD, serbuk simplisia bawang dayak 20 g/kg), probiotik (PRO, Bacillus sp. NP5 108 CFU/mL, 1% (v/w), kombinasi (PRO+SSBD), dan kontrol (positif dan negatif). Ikan dipelihara selama 45 hari dan diberi pakan tiga kali sehari. Pada hari ke 46, ikan pada semua perlakuan, kecuali kontrol negatif, di infeksi A. hydrophila dosis 106 CFU/mL secara intramuskular. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kombinasi (PRO+SSBD) memberikan total eritrosit, hemoglobin, hematokrit, total leukosit dan aktivitas fagositosis lebih baik dibandingkan probitoik, SSBD, dan kontrol. Kombinasi (PRO+SSBD) mampu menekan total A. hydrophila lebih rendah dibandingkan probiotik, SSBD, dan kontrol. Selain itu, tingkat kelangsungan hidup ikan lele pada perlakuan kombinasi (PRO+SSBD) signifikan (P<0,05) lebih tinggi dibandingkan probitoik, SSBD, dan kontrol. Hasil penelitian ini bisa menjadi referensi dan aplikasi yang efektif untuk pencegahan dini infeksi A. hydrophila. Kata kunci: akuakultur, Bacillus sp. NP5, bawang dayak, probiotik, serbuk simplisia

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“…dose of ~1 × 10 8 CFU/fish. Internally, a congested liver and kidney were recorded 68 . Atypical Aeromonas salmonicida has been isolated from tilapia in Oman, but experimentally induced infection by intraperitoneal (i.p.)…”

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…111 Plant extracts carvacrol and cymene at concentrations of 100 or 200 ppm were used as effective oral treatment of experimentally infected Oreochromis niloticus with atypical A. salmonicida. 68 Kuebutornye used Bacillus isolated from tilapia, and Phumkhachorn used bacteriophages to control A. hydrophila infections in tilapia (O. niloticus). 54,112…”

Section: Aeromoniasismentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial diseases of tilapia, their zoonotic potential and risk of antimicrobial resistance

Haenen

Dong

Hoai

et al. 2023

Reviews in Aquaculture

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Tilapia culture is an important source of income and nutrition to many rural families. Since 2000, the production of tilapia increased and reached domestic and global markets. Major farmed species is Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), in earthen ponds and cage cultures. Intensification contributed to global tilapia disease outbreaks, with bacterial infections causing mortalities and morbidities, threatening sustainable production. At tilapia farms, high nutrient concentrations, water temperature and fish densities enhance bacterial growth including virulent bacterial clones and potential zoonotic bacteria. Global warming favours this. This review respectively provides a comprehensive overview of the most common and emerging bacterial pathogens, diseases, clinical presentations and diagnostics of tilapia, including bacteria and diseases with zoonotic potential. First, common bacterial disease outbreaks, including streptococcosis, motile Aeromonas septicaemia, francisellosis, columnaris disease and vibriosis are described. Then, information on emerging bacterial infections of concern for tilapia, like edwardsiellosis through Edwardsiella ictaluri and E. tarda, as well as Aeromonas schubertii is provided. Reports of infectious bacterial tilapia disease outbreaks from other bacteria, including Lactococcus garvieae, Aerococcus viridans, Pseudomonas spp., Mycobacterium marinum and Chlamydia spp., and others are reviewed. Furthermore, bacteria with zoonotic potential, like Streptococcus agalactiae ST283, S. iniae, Aeromonas sp., E. tarda, Vibrio vulnificus pathovar (pv) piscis and M. marinum are included in the review, to provide the most current overview of the disease risks affecting production and post‐harvest stages. Additionally, the status and risks of antimicrobial resistance in bacteria from tilapia and other cultured fish through imprudent use of antibiotics, and its future at a global level are provided.

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Experimental infection of atypical Aeromonas salmonicida in Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus and its treatment with carvacrol and cymene mixture

Cited by 3 publications

References 28 publications

An Investigation of Bacterial Pathogens Associated with Diseased Nile Tilapia in Small-Scale Cage Culture Farms on Lake Kariba, Siavonga, Zambia

An Investigation of Bacterial Pathogens Associated with Diseased Nile Tilapia in Small-Scale Cage Culture Farms on Lake Kariba, Siavonga, Zambia

Dietary supplementation of Bacillus sp. NP5 and dayak onion simplicia powder Eleutherine bulbosa (Mill.) Urb. for the prevention of Aeromonas hydrophila in catfish Clarias sp.

Bacterial diseases of tilapia, their zoonotic potential and risk of antimicrobial resistance

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