Experimental Infection of Neonatal Calves with Neurovirulent Bovine Herpesvirus Type 1.3

Belknap, Ellen B.; Collins, James K.; Ayers, V. K.; Schultheiss, Patricia C.

doi:10.1177/030098589403100309

Cited by 96 publications

(128 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…No entanto, não podemos afirmar que o controle da enfermidade tenha ocorrido pelo uso da vacina, já que, em 8 propriedades não realizou-se vacinação e o problema não voltou a ser informado. A imunidade cruzada entre BHV-1 e BHV-5 é relatada em estudos de campo e experimentais (George 1991, Belknap et al 1994), e a aplicação de vacinas durante a ocorrência de surtos da enfermidade é preconizada visando minimizar ou impedir as manifestações clínicas.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Meningoencefalite em bovinos causada por herpesvírus bovino-5 no Mato Grosso do Sul e São Paulo

et al. 1998

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Fifteen outbreaks of bovine herpesvirus-type 5 (BHV-5) infection were diagnosed from August 1993 to December 1996. Fourteen outbreaks occurred in the State of Mato Grosso do Sul and one in the State of São Paulo. Cattle 6 to 60 months old were affected. Morbidity reached 0.05% to 5% and case fatality rate was nearly 100%. The disease occurred in different municipalities and at different times of the year. Clinical signs were exclusively nervous, and the clinical course varied from 1 to 15 days. The main histologic lesions were meningitis, diffuse encephalitis and necrosis of the cerebral cortex with intranuclear inclusion bodies in astrocytes and neurons. BHV-5 was isolated from 11 out of 12 brains of infected animals inoculated in calf testis cells and MDBK cells. The virus was identified by immunoperoxidase staining with use of monoclonal specific antibodies. Outbreaks of infection by BHV-5 represent 5% of the total number of bovine cases submitted for diagnosis to the Clinical Hospital of the University of Mato Grosso do Sul. These results indicate the importance of the disease in Mato Grosso do Sul and the need for its differentiation from other diseases which affect the nervous system. INDEX TERMS: Meningoencephalitis, bovine herpesvirus-5, BHV-5, cortical cerebral necrosis, cattle, Mato Grosso do Sul.1 Aceito para publicação em 6 de março de 1998. Os sinais clínicos foram exclusivamente nervosos e o curso da enfermidade variou de 1 a 15 dias. As principais lesões histológicas detectadas foram meningite e encefalite difusa com malacia do córtex cerebral e presença de corpúsculos de inclusão intranucleares em astrócitos e neurônios. O vírus foi isolado do cérebro de 11 de um total de 12 animais, e sua identidade confirmada por imunoperoxidase, utilizando-se anticorpos monoclonais específicos. Os surtos de encefalite por BHV-5 representam 5% dos diagnósticos realizados em bovinos pelo Hospital Veterinário da Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso do Sul. Os resultados deste trabalho evidenciam a importância da doença no Mato Grosso do Sul e indicam a necessidade de incluir a encefalite por BHV-5 no diagnóstico diferencial de outras doenças do sistema nervoso de bovinos frequentes no Estado. TERMOS DE INDEXAÇÃO: Meningoencefalite, herpesvírus bovino-5, BHV-5, polioencefalomalacia, bovinos, Mato Grosso do Sul.

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Section: Discussionunclassified

Meningoencefalite em bovinos causada por herpesvírus bovino-5 no Mato Grosso do Sul e São Paulo

et al. 1998

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“…Após replicação na mucosa nasal, o BoHV-5 invade as terminações nervosas locais e é transportado por ϐibras nervosas até o sistema nervoso central (SNC), onde replica ativamente e dissemina-se produzindo meningo-encefalite aguda de curso geralmente fatal (Bagust & Clark 1972, Belknap et al 1994. Em alguns animais, a invasão do encéfalo é restrita e o vírus estabelece infecção latente nos gânglios trigêmeos (TG) e em outros sítios do SNC (Perez et al 2002, Vogel et al 2003.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

“…A infecção latente pode ser reativada naturalmente ou pode ser induzida pela administração de corticoides (Perez et al 2002, Vogel et al 2003. A patogenia da infecção neurológica pelo BoHV-5 tem sido estudada nos hospedeiros naturais (Belknap et al 1994, Meyer et al 2001, Perez et al 2002, Vogel et al 2003) e em modelos animais. Em particular, coelhos tem sido muito utilizados para estudar vários aspectos da neuropatogenia do BoHV-5, pois desenvolvem a infecção e doença neurológica similar àque-la de bovinos (Meyer et al 1996, Chowdhury et al 1997, Silva et al 1999a, Caron et al 2002.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Reativação e distribuição do DNA latente do herpesvírus bovino tipo 5 no encéfalo de ovinos infectados experimentalmente

et al. 2011

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Pesq. Vet. Bras. 31(12):1090-1096, dezembro 2011 1090 RESUMO.-A biologia da infecção latente pelo herpesvírus bovino tipo 5 (BoHV-5) tem sido estudada em bovinos e coelhos, mas vários aspectos permanecem desconhecidos. Este artigo relata uma avaliação de ovinos jovens como modelo para o estudo da infecção latente pelo The biology of latent infection by bovine herpesvirus type 5 (BoHV-5) has been studied in cattle and rabbits, yet many aspects remain poorly understood. We herein investigated the suitability of lambs to investigate aspects of BoHV-5 latency. Thirteen six-month-old lambs inoculated intranasally (IN) with BoHV-5 strain SV-507/99 (titer of 10 6.8 TCID 50 / mL) shed the virus in nasal secretions in titers up 10 5.5 TCID 50 /mL, during up to 11 days, developing virus neutralizing (VN) titers of 16 to 128 at day 30 post-inoculation (pi). The inoculated animals developed only a mild serous nasal secretion and transient hyperthermia. Examination of brain sections of ϐive lambs euthanized at day 30 pi by PCR revealed the presence of latent DNA in the trigeminal ganglia (TG, 5 out of ϐive), olfactory bulbs (OB, 5/5), pons (2/5), cerebellum (2/5) and cerebral cortex (1/5). Administration of dexamethasone (Dx, n=4) or ϐlumethasone (FluM, n=4) to eight latently infected lambs at day 65 pi resulted in virus reactivation and shedding by 3 out of 4 individuals in each group. Virus shedding in nasal secretions started at day 3 post-treatment and lasted up to ϐive days (1-5) in Dx treated lambs (titers up to 10 2.8 TCID 50 /mL), was delayed and lasted up to three days (1-3) in FluM-treated lambs (titers up to 10 2.1 TCID 50 /mL). PCR examination of the brains of animals submitted to reactivation, at day 30 post-treatment, showed a pattern of distribution of latent viral DNA fairly similar to that found in those not submitted to reactivation. In summary, the ability of BoHV-5 to establish latent infection, the consistent colonization of TGs and OBs by latent viral DNA and virus reactivation induced by corticosteroid treatment are promising ϐindings towards the use of lambs to study selected aspects of BoHV-5 latency.

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“…Clinical signs of BHV-5-associated neurological disease include tremors, circling, bruxism, incoordination, nystagmus, recumbency followed by I. Oldoni et al convulsions, paddling, and inevitably death (2,4,5). Like other α-herpesviruses, BHV-5 establishes a lifelong latent infection in sensory nerve ganglia after primary infection (5,6). Viral reactivation and shedding may occur under certain induced or naturally occurring stimuli and provide favorable conditions for viral transmission and spread (5,7).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…BHV-5 is genetically and antigenically closely related to the widespread respiratory and genital bovine herpesvirus type 1 (BHV-1), so that until recently it was classified as a BHV-1 subtype (6,8). In fact, the recently determined nucleotide sequence of the entire DNA genome of a Brazilian BHV-5 isolate has revealed a nearly identical genome structure and organization and a strikingly high sequence homology with BHV-1 (9).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Production and characterization of monoclonal antibodies to a Brazilian bovine herpesvirus type 5

Oldoni

Weiblen

et al. 2004

Braz J Med Biol Res

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Antigens of a bovine herpesvirus type 5 (BHV-5), isolated from a cow with a neurological infection in Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil, were used to immunize BALB/c mice to produce monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). Eleven hybridomas secreting mAbs directed at BHV-5 antigens were obtained after two fusions and screening of 356 hypoxanthine-aminopterin-thymidine-resistant clones. The mAbs reacted at dilutions up to 1:500 (hybridoma culture supernatant) and up to >1:10,000 (ascitic fluid) in an indirect fluorescent antibody assay (IFA) and in immunoperoxidase staining of BHV-5-infected cells. Four mAbs (1D12, 2E2, 2G10 and 4E4) showed virus-neutralizing activity against the parental BHV-5 isolate. Five mAbs (1F3, 2A6, 2F9, 2G10 and HB24L) reacted in Western immunoblotting with a protein of approximately 90 kDa. Three other mAbs (2E2, 3D6 and 4E4) reacted in IFA with antigens of a BHV-1 mutant glycoprotein Cnegative strain, demonstrating that they are directed at a viral antigen other than glycoprotein C. The eleven mAbs tested reacted with 20 BHV-5 field isolates and nine mAbs reacted with 10 BHV-1 isolates. Two mAbs (1F3 and 2F9) failed to react with BHV-1 field isolates, although they displayed a weak and nonreproducible reaction with the BHV-1 reference strain Los Angeles. These mAbs may be very useful in distinguishing between BHV-1 and BHV-5 infections since most of the traditional reagents and techniques are unable to do so. One mAb (2F9) was shown to bind to viral antigens by immunohistochemistry of histological sections of the brain of a BHV-5-infected calf. These results demonstrate that the mAbs produced here are suitable for use in a variety of immunological techniques and therefore may be useful for diagnostic and research purposes.

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Experimental Infection of Neonatal Calves with Neurovirulent Bovine Herpesvirus Type 1.3

Cited by 96 publications

References 21 publications

Meningoencefalite em bovinos causada por herpesvírus bovino-5 no Mato Grosso do Sul e São Paulo

Meningoencefalite em bovinos causada por herpesvírus bovino-5 no Mato Grosso do Sul e São Paulo

Reativação e distribuição do DNA latente do herpesvírus bovino tipo 5 no encéfalo de ovinos infectados experimentalmente

Production and characterization of monoclonal antibodies to a Brazilian bovine herpesvirus type 5

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