Experimental Infection with Schistosoma Haematobium in Chimpanzees

Sadun, E. H.; Lichtenberg, F. Von; Cheever, Allen W.; Erickson, D. G.; Hickman, Robert L.

doi:10.4269/ajtmh.1970.19.427

Cited by 44 publications

(14 citation statements)

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“…Thus, it is important to establish the strongest possible probability that it would be effective in humans. Chimpanzees, which are genetically and physiologically closest to humans, can become infected with schistosomes in the wild (1,51) and develop pathology indistinguishable from that in human patients (35,55,56,66), unlike rodents or other primates. We have therefore undertaken a small-scale vaccination and challenge experiment to test RA vaccine efficacy in chimpanzees, taking advantage of the full range of immunological assays now available.…”

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confidence: 99%

Cellular and Humoral Immune Responses and Protection against Schistosomes Induced by a Radiation-Attenuated Vaccine in Chimpanzees

et al. 2001

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The radiation-attenuated Schistosoma mansoni vaccine is highly effective in rodents and primates but has never been tested in humans, primarily for safety reasons. To strengthen its status as a paradigm for a human recombinant antigen vaccine, we have undertaken a small-scale vaccination and challenge experiment in chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes). Immunological, clinical, and parasitological parameters were measured in three animals after multiple vaccinations, together with three controls, during the acute and chronic stages of challenge infection up to chemotherapeutic cure. Vaccination induced a strong in vitro proliferative response and early gamma interferon production, but type 2 cytokines were dominant by the time of challenge. The controls showed little response to challenge infection before the acute stage of the disease, initiated by egg deposition. In contrast, the responses of vaccinated animals were muted throughout the challenge period. Vaccination also induced parasite-specific immunoglobulin M (IgM) and IgG, which reached high levels at the time of challenge, while in control animals levels did not rise markedly before egg deposition. The protective effects of vaccination were manifested as an amelioration of acute disease and overall morbidity, revealed by differences in gamma-glutamyl transferase level, leukocytosis, eosinophilia, and hematocrit. Moreover, vaccinated chimpanzees had a 46% lower level of circulating cathodic antigen and a 38% reduction in fecal egg output, compared to controls, during the chronic phase of infection.

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Cellular and Humoral Immune Responses and Protection against Schistosomes Induced by a Radiation-Attenuated Vaccine in Chimpanzees

et al. 2001

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“…The stimulation of reaginic (homocytotropic or skin-sensitizing ) antibodies by parasitic helminth infection in a variety of hostparasite systems has been well documented (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13). The antibody involved, in those cases in which it has been characterized, has many features in common with the type of antibody in humans responsible for reactions of immediate hypersensitivity.…”

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Skin-Sensitizing Antibodies in Schistosoma mansoni Infected Baboons: Evidence for the Presence of Two Types

Greene

Damian

1972

Experimental Biology and Medicine

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“…Microscopic criteria permitting assessment of the stage of the perioval tissue reaction were gained by compiling data from several authors on stages seen in the urinary bladder and experimental studies with S. haematobium in primates [12,13]. …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Schistosome Ova Deposits in the Appendix

Schmid¹

1972

Pathobiology

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A histopathological analysis is given of 20 appendices harbouring schistosome ova. 6 showed frank schistosome-specific lesions permitting the diagnosis of bilharzial appendictis. Within the group of 10 cases with chronic specific bilharzial reactions, one-half, coupled with pyogenic inflammation, differed from the frankly specific chronic group in the pattern of ovidistribution and specific inflammatory reaction. The significance of these findings is discussed in the light of possible chronic endogenous desensitization. Specific and non-specific pathogenic mechanisms are demonstrated as contributing influences to this form of appendicitis, which is primarily of a parasitical nature.

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Experimental Infection with Schistosoma Haematobium in Chimpanzees

Cited by 44 publications

References 0 publications

Cellular and Humoral Immune Responses and Protection against Schistosomes Induced by a Radiation-Attenuated Vaccine in Chimpanzees

Cellular and Humoral Immune Responses and Protection against Schistosomes Induced by a Radiation-Attenuated Vaccine in Chimpanzees

Skin-Sensitizing Antibodies in Schistosoma mansoni Infected Baboons: Evidence for the Presence of Two Types

Schistosome Ova Deposits in the Appendix

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