Experimental investigation of a liquid desiccant system for solar cooling and dehumidification

Gommed, Khaled; Grossman, G.

doi:10.1016/j.solener.2006.05.006

Cited by 173 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The use of waste/solar heat sources for solution regeneration tends to increase the energy savings whilst increasing the complexity and cost of the system (Jain and Bansal, 2007;. To date solar energy has been used in various applications due to solution regeneration temperatures being sub 80°C and cooling loads being in-phase with available solar radiation (Gommed and Grossman, 2007).…”

Section: Liquid Desiccant Contactor Designsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel SOFC Tri-generation System for Building Applications

Elmer

2017

Springer Theses

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i AbstractIn response to the critical need to decarbonise the built environment, alternative methods for more effective energy utilisation need to be explored including trigeneration systems.Tri-generation is the simultaneous generation of electricity, heating and/or cooling from a single fuel source. Solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) and liquid desiccant demonstrate many characteristics that make them an attractive option in the development of an efficient and effective tri-generation system. SOFCs have high operational electrical efficiencies and a thermal output in good agreement with the low temperature regeneration requirement of liquid desiccants.The aim of this thesis is to design, develop and test an efficient and effective proof of concept tri-generation system based on SOFC and liquid desiccant air conditioning technology for building applications. An extensive review of the literature shows that no previous work has been reported on such a system. The research has critically examined, both theoretically and experimentally, the novel tri-generation system concept.Simulations show tri-generation system efficiencies of up to 71% are achievable at a 1.5kW e capacity, which are encouraging values for a system of this size. An integration analysis, based on empirical data, provides good agreement with the simulations. At a 1.5kW e output, a tri-generation efficiency of 69% has been demonstrated. The inclusion of liquid desiccant air conditioning provides an efficiency increase of up to 15% compared to SOFC electrical operation only, demonstrating the merit of the novel tri-generation system in applications that require simultaneous electrical power, heating and dehumidification/cooling. An experimental system, using a micro-tubular SOFC shows the novel system can generate 150W of electrical power, 443W of heat or 279W of cooling. Instantaneous tri-generation system efficiency is low at around 25%. This is primarily due to the low capacity and poor performance of the micro-tubular SOFC. Although the performance is low, the experimental results demonstrate regeneration of a potassium formate desiccant solution using the thermal output from the microtubular SOFC in the first of its kind tri-generation system. The thesis has established that a clear operational advantage of the novel SOFC liquid desiccant Abstract f ii tri-generation system is the potential for nonsynchronous operation. The constant SOFC thermal output can be used to re-concentrate the desiccant solution as a form of thermal energy storage. Unlike thermal storage techniques based on sensible energy, a significant advantage of (chemical) thermal energy storage in the form of strong desiccant solution is that there are minimal losses over time.Using this nonsynchronous operating concept, the experimental system can generate an increased peak cooling output of up to 527W and a daily tri-generation efficiency of 38%.An economic assessment demonstrates questionable performance; however this is anticipated to improve with SOFC capital cost reduct...

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Section: Liquid Desiccant Contactor Designsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel SOFC Tri-generation System for Building Applications

Elmer

2017

Springer Theses

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“…However, a conventional chiller uses a mechanical means to compress and transport the refrigerant vapor to the condenser, while an absorption chiller depends on a thermo-chemical process involving non toxic solution such as lithium bromide and water to establish the different pressure in mechanical compression. Thus, installation an efficient low temperature driven-sorption machines [24][25][26][27][28] might could be an opportunity to cut down initial investment of overall solar absorption system.…”

Section: Absorption Chillermentioning

confidence: 99%

A review on the recent development of solar absorption and vapour compression based hybrid air conditioning with low temperature storage

Noor

Azim

Azran

et al. 2016

MATEC Web of Conferences

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Abstract. Conventional air conditioners or vapour compression systems are main contributors to energy consumption in modern buildings. There are common environmental issues emanating from vapour compression system such as greenhouse gas emission and heat wastage. These problems can be reduced by adaptation of solar energy components to vapour compression system. However, intermittence input of daily solar radiation was the main issue of solar energy system. This paper presents the recent studies on hybrid air conditioning system. In addition, the basic vapour compression system and components involved in the solar air conditioning system are discussed. Introduction of low temperature storage can be an interactive solution and improved economically which portray different modes of operating strategies. Yet, very few studies have examined on optimal operating strategies of the hybrid system. Finally, the findings of this review will help suggest optimization of solar absorption and vapour compression based hybrid air conditioning system for future work while considering both economic and environmental factors.

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“…Fumo and Goswami [10] also used lithium chloride (LiCl) desiccant solution to test the performance of packaged tower type absorbers and regenerators. Gommed and Grossman [11] built and measured the performance of a 16-kW absorber and regenerator prototype system. Zhang et al [12] used LiCl solution to analyze the mass transfer natives on a packing model for a semi-permeable hollow-fiber LAMEE.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simplified Heat and Mass Transfer Model for Cross-Flow and Countercurrent Flow Packed Bed Tower Dehumidifiers with a Liquid Desiccant System

Shiue

Chiu³

et al. 2016

Sustainability

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A mathematical model is developed using the Matlab/Simulink platform to investigate heat and mass transfer performance of cross-flow and counterflow dehumidifiers with Lithium Chloride (LiCl) solution. In the liquid desiccant dehumidifier, the orthogonal polynomial basis is used to simulate the combined processes of heat and mass transfer. The temperature profiles on cross-flow and countercurrent flow dehumidifiers are demonstrated. The resultant counter flow air changes the temperature profile of the LiCl solution in the longitudinal direction because of the drag forces. In addition, when inlet airflow rate reaches 15 kg·s −1 , the temperature effect becomes less obvious and may be reasonably negligible. Under these conditions, the air changes the design factor and determines the interfacial temperature. It is demonstrated that the mathematical model can be of great value in the design and improvement of cross-flow and countercurrent flow dehumidifiers.

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Experimental investigation of a liquid desiccant system for solar cooling and dehumidification

Cited by 173 publications

References 12 publications

A Novel SOFC Tri-generation System for Building Applications

A Novel SOFC Tri-generation System for Building Applications

A review on the recent development of solar absorption and vapour compression based hybrid air conditioning with low temperature storage

Simplified Heat and Mass Transfer Model for Cross-Flow and Countercurrent Flow Packed Bed Tower Dehumidifiers with a Liquid Desiccant System

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