“…Over recent decades, extensive efforts have been made to achieve a complete understanding of soil-solid interface behavior and strength (e.g., Potyondy, 1961;Oumarou and Evgin, 2005;Chen et al, 2015). The literature has currently reached a consensus regarding the key factors that have a major effect on the interface, which include soil properties (e.g., Tiwari and Al-Adhadh, 2014;Canakci et al, 2016;Feligha et al, 2016), particle characteristics (e.g., Kishida, 1986a, 1986b;DeJong and Westgate, 2009), confinement conditions (e.g., Reddy et al, Sastry, 2000;Dietz and Lings, 2006), surface structural characteristics (e.g., Brumund and Leonards, 1973;Paikowsky et al, 1995;Taha and Fall, 2013), soil moisture content (e.g., Miller and Hamid, 2006;Hamid and Miller, 2009;Hossain and Yin, 2014;Borana et al, 2016) and temperature (e.g., Liu et al, 2014;Yavari et al, 2016).…”