Experimental investigation on dynamic and quasi‐static behavior of low‐rise reinforced concrete walls

Carrillo, Julián; Alcocer, Sergio M.

doi:10.1002/eqe.2234

Cited by 30 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Therefore, for low-rise concrete housing built on low and medium hazard seismic zones, it seems viable to reduce the minimum web steel reinforcement ratio. It is noteworthy to mention that values of τ 1.0 and τ 0.5 are not directly comparable, because number of cycles (lowcycle fatigue) and cumulative parameters of story drift and energy dissipated at peak shear strength are different between tested walls (Carrillo and Alcocer, 2013).…”

Section: Efficiency Factors Of Wall Reinforcementmentioning

confidence: 98%

Reinforcement contribution to the behavior of low-rise concrete walls

Carrillo

Guzmã¡N²,

Jeréz

2014

Lat. Am. j. solids struct.

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Based on steel strains recorded during shake table tests of six wall specimens, the effect and contribution of steel reinforcement to peak shear strength and displacement capacity of low-rise concrete walls is assessed and discussed. The experimental program included four variables such as wall geometry, concrete type, web steel ratio and type of web reinforcement. Wall response was assessed through effective steel strains in vertical reinforcement, efficiency factors of wall reinforcement, contribution of web horizontal reinforcement to wall shear strength, and the effect of type of web reinforcement to wall displacement.

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Section: Efficiency Factors Of Wall Reinforcementmentioning

confidence: 98%

Reinforcement contribution to the behavior of low-rise concrete walls

Carrillo

Guzmã¡N²,

Jeréz

2014

Lat. Am. j. solids struct.

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“…One solution is to normalize the experimental dissipated energy values with respect to a reference value . Hence, the number of equivalent hysteretic cycles at a given range of drift ratio, N , was estimated using Equation .

N = \frac{E_{c u m - i}}{E_{j}}

…”

Section: Proposed Stiffness Degradation Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…

E_{j} = \frac{1}{n_{1}} true \sum_{i = 1}^{n_{1}} E_{i}

where E i is the energy dissipated in cycle i , and n 1 is the number of cycles that are associated to a given range of drift ratio. A numerical example of calculating N i may be found elsewhere . In lieu of attempting to determine the yield strain (and yield displacement) in RC walls dominated by shear deformations, drift ratio was selected as a representative deformation parameter.…”

Section: Proposed Stiffness Degradation Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, behavior of walls with normalweight concrete was found to be similar to that of walls built with the lightweight concrete used in this study. As a result, it was established that wall geometry was the main parameter affecting stiffness behavior . Therefore, two wall categories were identified for sorting test data of stiffness degradation: category A for solid walls (specimens MCN50mD, MCL50mD, MCN100D, and MCL100D) and category B for walls with openings (specimens MVN50mD and MVN100D).…”

Section: Proposed Stiffness Degradation Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In terms of the testing method, there has been concern that the quasi‐static, QS, testing is not representative of the actual demand imposed by a seismic event and can lead to unconservative design results . For instance, because of the rapid deterioration of shear strength and stiffness of low‐rise RC walls, the use of QS test results to arrive at conclusions thought to be pertinent for seismic design may turn out in a major concern . A damage index for low‐rise RC walls that does not have all these disadvantages is deemed necessary.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Damage index based on stiffness degradation of low‐rise RC walls

Carrillo

2014

Earthq Engng Struct Dyn

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Summary Widely used damage indices, such as ductility and drift ratios, do not account for the influences of the duration of strong shaking, the cumulative inelastic deformation or energy dissipation in structures. In addition, the formulation and application of most damage indices have until now been based primarily on flexural modes of failure. However, evidence from earthquakes suggests that shear failure or combined shear‐flexure behavior is responsible for a large proportion of failures. Empirical considerations have been made in this paper for evaluating structural damage of low‐rise RC walls under earthquake ground motions by means of a new energy‐based low‐cycle fatigue damage index. The proposed empirical damage index is based on the results of an experimental program that comprised six shake table tests of RC solid walls and walls with openings; results of six companion walls tested under QS‐cyclic loading were used for comparison purposes. Variables studied were the wall geometry, type of concrete, web shear steel ratio, type of web shear reinforcement, and testing method. The index correlates the stiffness degradation and the destructiveness of the earthquake in terms of the duration and intensity of the ground motions. The stiffness degradation model considers simultaneously the increment of damage associated to the low‐cycle fatigue, energy dissipation, and the cumulative cyclic parameters, such as displacement demand and hysteretic energy dissipated. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Force–displacement mixed control for collapse tests of multistory buildings using quasi‐static loading systems

Pan

Zhao

et al. 2013

Earthq Engng Struct Dyn

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In quasi-static tests for structures with multi-DOF, the forces exerted to the structures commonly follow a prescribed force profile, for example, triangular pattern and/or uniform pattern. Therefore, force control is the natural choice. However, force control is no longer applicable when the specimens sustain significant stiffness and strength degradation, particularly in collapse tests. To solve this problem, a force-displacement mixed control algorithm is proposed, which is able to achieve stable control in quasi-static tests following prescribed force profiles. On the basis of the FlexTest IIm platform of the MTS Systems Corporation (14000 Technology Dr, Eden Prairie, MN 55344 United States), a test program named Tsinghua University mixed control test program, which uses a mixed control algorithm, was developed. The algorithm was initially applied to an elastic test of a cantilever column to verify its accuracy and stability and then to a collapse test of a multistory RC frame to investigate its effectiveness. In the collapse test, the effects of major control parameters, that is, the number of iterative rounds and the loading time of each round on the control accuracy, were also studied. The test results show that the test program applying the mixed control algorithm can achieve stable control of the collapse tests maintaining the expected force profile. Increasing the number of iterative rounds and the loading time of each round can improve the control accuracy.

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Experimental investigation on dynamic and quasi‐static behavior of low‐rise reinforced concrete walls

Cited by 30 publications

References 13 publications

Reinforcement contribution to the behavior of low-rise concrete walls

Reinforcement contribution to the behavior of low-rise concrete walls

Damage index based on stiffness degradation of low‐rise RC walls

Force–displacement mixed control for collapse tests of multistory buildings using quasi‐static loading systems

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