Experimental Investigation on Fire Risk Assessment for Typical Interior Wallpapers

Liu, Changchun; Deng, Tiandiao; Zhou, Siyu; Yan, Runsheng; Huang, Li-Hsin

doi:10.1007/s10694-021-01178-y

Cited by 11 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…On the other hand, the flame height and area of the soybean oil pool fire at the full vigorous combustion stage are larger than those of the rapeseed oil pool fire, indicating that soybean oil has better combustion performance and is more dangerous to use as transformer insulating and cooling oil. These findings are consistent with previous studies 20,21 .…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 94%

Experimental study on the characteristics of natural ester oil pool fire in transformer room

Liu,

Huang,

Huang

et al. 2024

Eighth International Conference on Energy System, Electricity, and Power (ESEP 2023)

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In order to assess the fire hazard of two new transformers natural ester insulating and cooling oils, an experiment was conducted to examine the combustion characteristics of pool fires using rapeseed oil and soybean oil in transformer room. The results show that, compared with rapeseed oil, soybean oil is more likely to ignite under the same conditions. The vigorous combustion stage of a soybean oil pool fire lasts 30% longer than that of rapeseed oil. Additionally, the flame height and flame area of a soybean oil pool fire are larger, resulting in a more intense burning. The average temperature at the fire plume centerline of the soybean oil pool fire was approximately 50 °C higher than that of the rapeseed oil fire plume. The maximum thermal radiation intensity of the soybean oil pool fire was 14.7 kW/m 2 , which was similar to the rapeseed oil pool fire's intensity of 15.3 kW/m 2 . However, the duration of the thermal radiation phase with high intensity of the soybean oil pool fire was 27.3% longer than that of the rapeseed oil pool fire. Overall, the fire hazard of indoor combustion is greater for transformer soybean oil than for transformer rapeseed oil.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 94%

Experimental study on the characteristics of natural ester oil pool fire in transformer room

Liu,

Huang,

Huang

et al. 2024

Eighth International Conference on Energy System, Electricity, and Power (ESEP 2023)

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“…Various interior materials, such as natural, synthetic, and mixtures of organic/inorganic materials, are used to achieve high-quality interior finishing [1,2]. Although these materials have many advantages such as aesthetics and durability, most contain combustible substances [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fire Risk of Polyethylene (PE)-Based Foam Blocks Used as Interior Building Materials and Fire Suppression through a Simple Surface Coating: Analysis of Vulnerability, Propagation, and Flame Retardancy

Jeon,

Park,

Park

et al. 2023

Fire

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Building fires can spread through surface combustion of both combustible and interior finishing materials. Recently, the use of foam blocks as interior materials for high-rise residential buildings has increased. However, as foam blocks are primarily composed of polyethylene, they are not flame-retardant and can readily burn and the fire can spread, leading to large-scale damage. Herein, the fire hazard and diffusion characteristics of foam blocks were compared with those of flame-retardant and general wallpapers to confirm the risk of fire. The fire risk of the foam blocks was confirmed using flammability, cone calorimetry, and spread-of-flame analyses. Based on a comparative analysis of the fire risk of foam blocks, the average total heat release was 11.2 MJ/m. This is approximately three times higher than the average heat release rate of the flame-retardant wallpaper and approximately two times higher than that of the general wallpaper. The foam blocks ignited rapidly owing to fire and generated large amounts of combustion gas and heat. To prevent such a fire, 5 wt% montmorillonite (MMT) was simply coated after surface modification to suppress the occurrence of fire. Various flame-retardant materials, surface modifications, and fire safety systems must be developed to prevent fire hazards.

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“…Fire may produce a variety of hazardous compounds, such as carbon monoxide (CO) and certain hydrocarbons, which may severely contaminate the environment 1,2 . Research on firefighting materials has always been important topic in fire safety fields 3–6 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synergistic flame‐retardant effect of modified hydrotalcite and expandable graphite for silicone rubber foam

Liu

Sheng

et al. 2022

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Silica gel‐coated hydrotalcite (LDHs) flame retardants (SiLDHs‐Ce) are prepared by the sol–gel method. The synergistic effect of SiLDHs‐Ce and expandable graphite (EG) on the silicone rubber foam (SRF) is studied through limiting oxygen index (LOI), Cone Calorimeter Test (CC), thermogravimetric infrared spectrometer (TG‐IR), and scanning electron microscopy. The results show that SiLDHs‐Ce and EG can improve the flame retardant properties of the SRF materials. The LOI value of the SRF material can reach 40.1% when the ratio of EG to SiLDHs‐Ce is 2:1, and the heat release rate (HRR) and total heat release (THR) are reduced by 66.60% and 52.76%, respectively, compared with the original. The minimum SPR of the SRF material is 0.010 m2 s−1 when 1 wt% SiLDHs‐Ce has been added. TG‐IR results show that the addition of EG and SiLDHs‐Ce increased the carbon residue rate of SRF materials. Results show that the residual carbon‐containing EG and SiLDHs‐Ce is denser. It is inferred that the synergistic flame retardant mechanism of SiLDHs‐Ce and EG on the SRF is mainly condensed phase flame retardant, augmented by gas‐phase flame retardant. The results of this study can provide guidance for the development of environmentally friendly silicone rubber foam.

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Experimental Investigation on Fire Risk Assessment for Typical Interior Wallpapers

Cited by 11 publications

References 11 publications

Experimental study on the characteristics of natural ester oil pool fire in transformer room

Experimental study on the characteristics of natural ester oil pool fire in transformer room

Fire Risk of Polyethylene (PE)-Based Foam Blocks Used as Interior Building Materials and Fire Suppression through a Simple Surface Coating: Analysis of Vulnerability, Propagation, and Flame Retardancy

Synergistic flame‐retardant effect of modified hydrotalcite and expandable graphite for silicone rubber foam

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