“…So, at sufficient rate and duration of mechanical mixing, it is expected that the agglomerates are broken and the nanoparticles are well dispersed. However, it should be mentioned that mechanical methods are able to reduce the size of aggregates but not sufficient to obtain a complete dispersion of the nanoparticles into primary particles [10,13]. In addition to this, it was reported that after passing the optimized duration of mechanical dispersing, the nanofluid can agglomerate in a clog during a fast sedimentation [29].…”